Diuretics

Question 1

What ion does water follow in the kidneys?

Answer 1

Sodium

Question 2

what does carbonic anhydrase do in the kidneys?

Answer 2

Brings Na and HCO3 back into the blood- brings water out of urine into blood-results in higher blood pressure

Question 3

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors do what?

Answer 3

keep water from being reabsorbed and decreases blood pressure

Question 4

Osmotic diuretics work how?

Answer 4

fill the urine with substances, makes water follow it-to the urine and increases urine output

Question 5

osmotic diuretics are given how?

Answer 5

Intravenously

Question 6

loop diuretics block what?

Answer 6

transporter that resorbs sodium and chloride. Results in increased urine output

Question 7

Where do loop diuretics take action?

Answer 7

in the ascending loop of Henle

Question 8

What are some diuretics that are high allergy drugs?

Answer 8

Sulfonamides (which are loop diuretics)

Question 9

Thiazide diuretics take place where?

Answer 9

In the distal convoluted tubule

Question 10

Thiazide diuretics work on what?

Answer 10

Symporter of NaCl

Question 11

Thiazide and loop diuretics affect which ion that needs to be monitored?

Answer 11

potassium

Question 12

K+ sparing diuretics work how

Answer 12

Na channel that brings Na back into blood OR antagonist of the aldosterone receptor.

Question 13

Which diuretics are used as adjunctive therapy?

Answer 13

Potassium sparing diuretics

Question 14

systolic is the higher/lower number

Answer 14

higher

Question 15

diastolic number is the higher/lower number

Answer 15

lower

Question 16

sympathetic nerves adjust what to regulate vasoconstriction, heart beat and cardiac output/

Answer 16

Catacholamines

Question 17

what enzyme cuts angiotensinogen?

Answer 17

Renin

Question 18

What converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin II?

Answer 18

ACE

Question 19

angiotensin results in?

Answer 19

Increases blood pressure

Question 20

angiotensin acts on the adrenal gland to release what?

Answer 20

Aldosterone

Question 21

4 types of drugs to treat hypertension

Answer 21

1. diuretics
2. Sympathoplegic agents
3. direct vasodilators
4. block angiotensin II production or activity

Question 22

thiazide diuretics are used for

Answer 22

mild to moderate hypertension

Question 23

sympathoplegic agents activate which receptor?

Answer 23

a2 recepotrs in the CNS-reduce cardiac output; reduce release of epinephrine from sympathetic nerve endings

Question 24

block B1 receptors

Answer 24

no longer the most popular way to treat high BP, they diminish cardiac output and diminish renin production

Question 25

4 kinds of vasodilators

Answer 25

nitric oxide, reduce Ca influx to smooth muscle, hyperpolarization of smooth muscle, activation of dopamine receptors

Question 26

ACE inhibitors work on ?

Answer 26

inhibition of formation of angiotensin II (also degrade bradykinin)

Question 27

pril ending means a drug is a what?

Answer 27

ACE inhibitor

Question 28

sartan or saran suffix means what type of drug?

Answer 28

block AT1 receptor-