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Pharm💀 > Drugs For Control Of Pain > Flashcards

Drugs For Control Of Pain Flashcards

1
Q

F

A

F

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2
Q

Neuropathic Pain

A

Constant

Direct nerve injury

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3
Q

Nociceptive Pain

A

Stimulation of free nerve endings responsible for pain

Usually acute

Somatic vs visceral

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4
Q

Somatic pain

A

A delta nerve fibers

Myelinated->quick nerve response (sharp)

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5
Q

Visceral pain

A

C nerve fibers

Unmyelinated-> slow pain response (dull)

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6
Q

Substance P

A

Transmission of pain message to brain

Neurotransmitter in brain

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7
Q

Endogenous opioids

A

Endorphins,dynorphins, enkephalins

Counteract effects of substance P

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8
Q

Opioid analgesics

A

Act within CNS

Opioid receptors (+)

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9
Q

Non-opioid analgesics

A

Act on nociceptor level

Anti-inflammatory

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10
Q

Drugs for Pain:Opioids

A

Morphine-like molecules

Opiate-natural, from poppy plant
Opiods- natural/synthetic drug
Narcotic- opioids that produce analgesia+ cns depression

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11
Q

Opioid receptors

A

Mu, kappa, and delta

*mu and kappa are major drug targets for analgesia

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12
Q

High efficacy opioid agonist drugs

A

Morphine(astramorph,duramorph)
Fentanyl(duragesic)
Hydromorphone(dilaudid)
Methadone(dolophine)

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13
Q

Morphine(astramorph,duramorph)

Fentanyl(duragesic) moa

A

Strong mu receptor agonist

Very potent and metabolized quickly

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14
Q

Hydromorphone(dilaudid) moa

A

Strong mu receptor agonist

Only used for acute pain bc of addiction potential

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15
Q

Methadone(dolophine) moa

A

Strong mu receptor agonist

Tx opioid addiction and detoxification bc of long duration of action

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16
Q

Low eficacy opioid agonist drug

A

Codeine

Mu receptor (+)

Weak pro-drug of morphine

17
Q

Mixed efficacy opioid agonist drug

A

Buprenorphine(suboxone)

Partial mu (+) kappa (-)

Tx opioid dependence

18
Q

Opioid side effects

A

Decr GI motility
Nausea/emesis
Sedation/respiratory depression
Euphoria

19
Q

Combination Drugs

A

Opioid agonist with centrally-acting analgesic

Vicodin (hydrocodone/acetaminophen)
Percocet (oxycodone/acetaminophen)
-mod/severe pain

Tylenol T3 (acetaminophen/codeine)
-used after appendectomy or wisdom teeth removal
20
Q

Opioid withdrawal

A

Physical dependence lasts about 7 days and symptoms include diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, myalagia

Psychological dependence is the intense craving

21
Q

Methadone maintenance

A

Not as eiphoria inducing as morphine/heroin

Does not cure dependency

22
Q

Buprenorphine (suboxone) withdrawl tx

A

Addition of naloxone prevents pt from abusing again which causes withdrawal symptoms

23
Q

Opiod antagonist

A

Naloxegal (movantik)

Naloxome (Narcan)

24
Q

Naloxegal (movantik) moa

A

PEGylated mu receptor (-)

Knocks other opioids of mu receptors in the gut

Tx opioid induced constipation bc of dec gi motility

25
Q

Naloxone (Narcan) moa

A

(-) all opioid receptors

Tx: opioid overdose

26
Q

Other causes of pain

A

Prostoglandins -tissue damage

Histamine -inflammation

27
Q

NSAIDS moa/drugs

A

COX 1 and 2 inhibitors

Naproxen sodium (aleve)
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)
Ibuprofen (advil, motrin)
Diclofenac (voltaren)
Indomethacin (indocin)
ketolorac (toradol)
28
Q

Selective Cox 2 (-)

A

Celecoxib (celebrex)

Tx arthritis

29
Q

Acetaminophen (tylenol) moa

A

Unclear, thought to inhibit COX in CNS

Centrally acting

30
Q

Tension Headaches drugs

A

Aspirin
Ibuprofen
Acetaminophen(tylenol)

31
Q

Migraine Drugs

A

Triptans: sumatriptan(imitrex)
Moa- 5HT 1 (+) which constricts blood vessels in brain

Ergot alkaloids: ergotamine (ergostat)
Moa- 5HT 1 (+) which constricts blood vessels in brain

32
Q

Intractable Pain Drugs

A

Not easy to relieve, usually nerve/neuropathic pain/ SZ drugs

Carbamazepine (tegretol)
Gabapentin (neurotonin)
Pregabalin (lyrica)
Valporic acid (depakene)

33
Q

Carbamazepine (tegretol) moa

A

Na+ channel blocker

34
Q

Gabapentin (neurotonin) moa

A

Blocks voltage gated Ca+ channels

35
Q

Pregabalin (lyrica) moa

A

Blocks voltage gated Ca+ channels

36
Q

Valporic acid (depakene) moa

A

Na+ channel desensitization
(+) GABA
(-) Ca+ channels

37
Q

Other Drugs for Pain Management

A

Anaesthetic nerve blockers
Corticosteroids
Tricyclic antidepressants-amitriptyline (Elavil) moa: (-) NET and SERT and positive ion channel blockade

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