Drugs Effecting Blood Cells Flashcards
Hematinics
- Iron
- Folic acid (B9)
- Vit B12
Iron deficiency Anemia Causes
•Nutritional (microcytic hypochromic an)
•Bleeding (microcytic hypochromic anm)
•Hookworm infestation
IDA oral treatment
-Oral route (preferred)
•Preparations of oral iron are
o Ferrous sulphate
o Ferrous gluconate
o Ferrous fumarate
Oral iron - available as tablets
For children - drops are also available.
-S/E cause permanent pigmentation if
they come in contact with the skin.
-administered deep in the throat to
prevent problems of pigmentation.
factors which increase the absorption of iron are
•Reducing substances: Ascorbic acid
•HCI
The factors which decrease the absorption
Phytates
Oxalates
Tannates: Tea, Coffee
Iron therapy response can be seen by
•Reticulocytosis: Earliest response
•Hb level: If the Hb level> 0.5-1gdL per
week = adequate response.
-Continue iron therapy even after Hb
level becomes normal, (2-3 months.)
-done to replenish the iron stores in the
body.
Indications for giving Injectable iron
•When oral iron cannot be given, this
can be due to
-Side effects of iron - diarhoea,
vomiting
-Malabsorption
-With Erythropoietin
For deficiency of erythropoietin, we give erythropoietin (helps in HB formtn). It require iron in large quantity and quickly.
Preparations of lnjectable Iron
•Iron sorbitol citrate
-only be given by I.M. route never
given by I V route (quickly saturate the
transferrin receptors. So lot of free iron
which leads to toxicity.)
•Iron dextran Iron
- given by both I.M. and I.V. routes.
Dose of Injectable Iron
•Dose=4.3xBody wt.(kg)xHb deficit (g/dL)
-This formula includes the dose for
iron stores also. So no need to give
separately for stores.
-To prevent this pigmentation, we give
l.M. iron by Z-track technique.
Iron overdose Antidotes
-Antidote given is
•Desferrioxamine (Injectable)
-DOC for Acute iron poisoning
•Deferiprone (oral)
-given for Chronic Iron overload.
