Drugs And The Periodontium Flashcards
What is phenytoin and what can it be associated with ?
Anti epileptic drug
Can cause gingival hyperplasia normally in first 3 months of taking
Name 3 immunosuppressants
What do they do?
Cyclosporin
Corticosteroids
Azathioprine
Reduce inflammatory response.
Appearance of gingivitis may be reduced
Wha type of drug is cyclosporin and what adverse effect can it have on gingival tissues?
Immunosuppressant
Can cause gingival hyperplasia
Name three corticosteroids
Prednisolone
Betamethasone
Hydrocortisone
What can corticosteroids do to gingival tissues
Reduce swelling and bop in response to plaque
What are the disadvantages to corticosteroids?
Risk of adrenal crisis
Increase risk of infections
Impaired wound healing
What effect can NSAIDs have on gingival tissues?
Decreased bleeding
Decreased swelling
Decreased bone loss- due to inhibition of prostaglandins
Describe sex hormones effects on gingival tissues
Oestrogen- promotes martinis action and alters components of connective tissues
Progesterone- increases permeability of gingival blood vessels
What synthetic versions of sex hormones could have effects on gingival tissues?
OCP
HRT drugs
Describe the effects of pregnancy on gingival tissues
Red and swollen gingivae
Increased BOP
increase in GCF
Increase in mobility
Due to increased susceptibility to plaque bacteria
What effect can chemotherapy have on gingival tissues?
Gingival haemorrhage common
Susceptible to periodontal destruction due to decrease in white blood cell count
Name a calcium channel blocker that has an adverse effect on gingival tissues
Nifedipine
Causes gingival hyperplasia
