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MED 1022 > Drugs acting at the ANS - Cholinergic Receptors > Flashcards

Drugs acting at the ANS - Cholinergic Receptors Flashcards

0
Q

Drugs acting on cholinergic synapses can act on.

A

Ganglia,
Muscarinic receptors,
Neuromuscular junction,
Enhance cholinergic transmission.

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1
Q

Which is longer presynaptically?

A

Parasympathetic nerve.

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2
Q

Action of nicotine.

A

Dependant on dose.

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3
Q

Low dose nicotine.

A

Stimulation of sensory receptors.

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4
Q

High dose.

A

Depolarisation blockade.

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5
Q

Sympathomimetic effects of nicotine.

A

CVS effects, BP, heart rate and blood pressure.

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6
Q

Parasympathomimetic effects of Nicotine.

A

GIT movement, HCl in stomach.

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7
Q

Central effects of nicotine.

A

Nausea, arousal, high.

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8
Q

Where can you find nicotinic neural receptors?

A

Ganglia, adrenal medulla, sensory nerve endings.

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9
Q

Agonists of nicotinic neural.

A

Ach and nicotine.

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10
Q

Antagonists of nicotinic neural.

A

Hexamethonian, trimethaphan.

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11
Q

Nicotinic muscle receptor agoinsts.

A

Suxamethonium, decamethonium.

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12
Q

Nicotinic muscle receptor antagonists?

A

Tubocurarine, atracurium, mivacurium, vecuronium. (Transmission block). MUSCLE relaxants!

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13
Q

Miscarinic agonists can be described as being…

A

Parasympathomimetics.

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14
Q

Type of muscarinic agonists at the heart.

A

M2.

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15
Q

Pilocarpine.

A

A partial Muscarinic agonist, used to treat Glaucoma. Contract iris smooth muscle. Weak effects in GIT and heart.

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16
Q

Bethanocol.

A

Bladder and bowel stimulation.

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17
Q

Agonist at Muscarinic receptors for smooth muscle.

A

Cause GIT and bronchoconstriction.

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18
Q

Muscarinic Antagonists.

A

Parasympatholytics.

19
Q

Muscarinic antagonists examples.

A

Atropine and derivatives. Iprtropium, Hycosine, Dcyclomine.

20
Q

Atropine poisoning.

A

Eye dilation, photphpobia, inhibition of micturition, Tachycardia, CNS - restlessness, delirium, coma, convulsions.

21
Q

Antidote for atropine poisoning.

A

Anticholinesterase - neostigmine, physostigmine.

22
Q

Uses of atropine.

A 
Adjunct for anesthesia,
Antidote for anticholinesterase poisoning,
Bradycardia,
Antispasmodic.
Reduction of diarhhea (lomotil),
Parkinsons (benztropine).
23
Q

Significant about atropine.

A

Non selective inhibitor of muscarinic receptors.

24
Q

Main indiactions of atropine.

A

Bradycardia and anticholinesterase poisoning.

25
Q

Hycosine indication.

A

Gut spasms

26
Q

Ipratropium indication.

A

Bronchoconstriction.

27
Q

Benztropine indication.

A

Parkinsons disease.

28
Q

Types of receptors found in cholinergic nerves?

A

Muscarinic and Nicotinic.

29
Q

What are the two types of drugs that work at the Neuromuscular junction?

A

Non depolarising and depolarising.

Inhibitors of acetylcholine synthesis or release.

30
Q

What drugs can cause Nicotinic receptor stimulation?

A

Nicotine, DMPP, epibatidine, Suxamethonium, decamethonium.

31
Q

If you stimulate muscarinic receptors do you get pumped up or do you relax?

A

You relax.

32
Q

M3 actions.

A

Miosis, Salivation, Bonchoconstriction, GIT motilty, Bladder wall contraction.

33
Q

A selective M2 agonist can be used for?

A

Dysrhytmias.

34
Q

Tropicamide indication.

A

Dilation of pupil.

35
Q

Muscarine receptor agonists.

A

ACh, Muscarine, pilocarpine, carbachol and bethanechol.

36
Q

Muscarine antagonists.

A

Atropine and derivatives.

37
Q

Name drugs that prevent ACh synthesis.

A

Vesamicol,

Hemicholium.

38
Q

Drugs that inhibit ACh release?

A

Botulinum and bungaratoxin.

39
Q

How would I cure botulinum poisoning?

A

Anti toxin, enema.

40
Q

Drugs which are Non depolarising blockers at the NMJ?

A

Cura’s.

41
Q

Depolarising blockers at NMJ.

A

Suxamethonium, decamethonium.

42
Q

Side effects of depolarising blockers?

A

Bradycardia,

Prolonged paralysis.

43
Q

Stuff that enhance cholinergic transmission.

A

Cholinesterase inhibitors or anticholinesterases.

44
Q

Examples of irreversible antivholinesterase?

A

In insecticides. Ecothipate.

45
Q

Reversible anticholinesterases.

A

Stigmines, edrophonium.

46
Q

Use of anticholinesterase?

A

Treat myasthenia gravis.

MED 1022 (21 decks)

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