Drugs Flashcards
Fentanyl (Opioid)
dose (intubation): 4microg/kg
action: analgesia
sedation onset: 3 mins
duration of action: 30-90 mins
half life: 2-3 hours
anecdote: naloxone
side effects: chest wall rigidity, laryngospasm, resp depression, bradycardia, urinary retention
interactions: ketaconazole, erythromycin
PK: metabolised liver CYP3A4, excreted in urine *50-100 times more potent than morphine
*reduced chest wall rigidity if given slowly
Atropine (anticholinergic)
MOA: competitively inhibits Ach at muscurinic Ach receptors causing decreased PNS activity and increased SNS activity
dose: 10microg/kg
onset: 2 mins (peak activity 2-4 minutes)
duration of action: 5 hours half life: 6.5 hrs
anecdote: physostigmine
side effects: decreased saliva/GI activity, decreased airway resistance, tachycardia, hyperthermia, flushing, urinary retention
interactions: enhances phenylephrine/thiazide, atagonises metoclopromide/domperidone
PK: metabolised liver, excreted urine
Suxamethonium
MOA: depolarising neuromuscular blocker
dose: 2mg/kg
onset: 30 secs duration: 3-5 mins
contraindication: hyperkalaemia, family hx malignant hyperthermia, myopathy
side effects: bradycardia, hyperkalaemia, elevated ICP, reflux
Adrenaline 1:10,000
10ml has 1mg
1ml has 0.1mg
Neonatal resuscitation: 10-30microg/kg = 0.1-0.3ml/kg
Vecuronium
MOA: non depolarising neuromuscular blocker
dose: 0.1mg/kg
onset: 1-2 mins
duration: 30-40 mins
side effects: bradycardia, hypotension, fluid retention, dry eyes
anecdote: neostigmine and atropine
Indomethacin
dose: 0.2mg/kg on three occassions 12 hrs apart
side effect:
- renal vasoconstriction with oliguria, fluid retention, hyponatraemia, elevated urea/Cr
- reduced GI blood flow: GI haemorrhage/perforation in 10%
- rapid drop in cerebral blood flow velocity if given rapidly but reduces IVH
Ibuprofen
sides effects: less disturbance in cerebral haemodynamics and renal function than indomethacin.
negative factors: no suitable IV preparation
