Drugs Flashcards
Taxol
Category and mechanism
Anti-cancer
Prevent microtubule assembly
Colchicine
Category and mechanism
Anti-gout, anticancer
- Prevent microtubule assembly (polymerization)
- Fight inflammation
Vinctristine/Vinblastine
Category and mechanism
Anti-cancer
Prevent microtubule assembly
Phalloidin
Category and mechanism
Toxin (death mushroom)
Disrupt actin (microfilaments) function (hyperpolymerization)->no cell movement
-inhibits RNA polymerase II, not absorbed by GI tract
Cytochalasin
Category and mechanism
Toxin (death mushroom)
Disrupt actin function (hyperpolymerization)->no cell movement
Ciprofloxacin
Category and mechanism
ABX (Respiratory infection)
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Novabiocin
Category and mechanism
ABX (staph, MRSA)
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Nalidixic Acid
Category and mechanism
ABX (resp, UTI)
Inhibit DNA gyrase
Azidothymidine (AZT)
Category and mechanism
Anti-viral
Disrupt DNA elongation–> base lacks an 3’ OH
Didanosine (ddl)
Category and mechanism
Anti-viral
A viral reverse transcriptase that uses host cellular kinase to initiate chain termination due to the lack of a 3’OH
Tenofovir
Category and mechanism
Anti-viral
Disrupt DNA elongation–> competes with w/ dATP
Acyclovir
Category and Mechanism
Anti-viral (herpes)
A viral reverse transcriptase that uses viral kinases to initiate chain termination due to the lack of a 3’ OH
Adenine Arabinoside (AraA)
Category and mechanism
3’ OH=stereo restraint–> chain termination
Cytosine Arabinoside (araC)
Category and Mechanism
Anti-cancer
Initiate steric hindrance via the OH at position 2, which prevents polymerases adding the next dNTP
Camptothecin
Category and mechanism
Anti-cancer
Binds and inhibits topoisomerase I
Etoposide
Category and mechanism
Anti-cancer
Inhibits topoisomerase II
Actinomycin D
Category and mechanism
Anti-cancer
Inhibit RNA polymerase BOTH pro/eukarytoes
Rifampin
Category and mechanism
ABX
Inhibit RNA polymerase–> inhibit initiation of transcription
Alpha-Amantin (mushroom!)
Category and mechanism
Toxin
Inhibits RNA polymerase II–> heptatoxicity–>death
Streptomycin
Category and mechanism
ABX
Blocks initiation: prevents assembly of ribosomes by binding to 30S
Tetracycline
Category and mechanism
ABX
Blocks elongation:prevents aminoacyl-tRNA access to A site
Erythromycin
Category and mechanism
ABX
Blocks elongation: blocks ribosome translocation by binding to 50S
Chloramphenicol
Category and mechanism
ABX
Blocks elongation: prevents peptidyl transferase activity in prokaryotes
If you give too much it can stop translation in mitochondria and effect your patient monitor concentration
Cycloheximide
Category and mechanism
ABX
Blocks elongation: prevents peptidyl transferase activity in eukaryotes
Puromycin
Category and mechanism
ABX
Blocks elongation: premature termination in translation by bearing structural resemblance to aminoacyl-tRNA
Diptheria Toxin
Category and mechanism
Toxin
Inactivates EF-2–>prevent translocation
Mycophenolic Acid
Category and mechanism
Immunosuppressive
Inhibits conversion of IMP to GMP
Inhibits IMP dehydrogenase
Sulfomide/sulfa drugs
Category and mechanism
ABX
Inhibit BACTERIAL folate synthesis
Trimethoprim
Category and mechanism
ABX
Inhibit BACTERIAL dihydrofolate
Methotrexate
Category and mechanism
Inhibit EUKARYOTIC dihydrofolate reductase.
This in turn inhibits purine and thymidine synthesis
Hydroxyurea
Category and mechanism
Anti-cancer
Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase
Conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides
Allopurinol/Febuxostat
Category and mechanism
Anti-gout
Inhibits xanthine oxidase
Inhibits hypo to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid
5’ Fluorouracil
Category and mechanism
Anti-cancer
Inhibits thimidylate synthase that converts dUMP to dTMP.
This Rx also requires Tetrahydrofolate
Zidovudine
Category and Mechanism
Anti-viral
A viral reverse transcriptase that uses host cellular kinase to initiate chain termination due to the lack of a 3’OH
NSAIDs
Category and Mechanism
Anti-inflammatory
Inhibits cyclooxygenase
