Drug2 Flashcards
Key points of Carbamazepine
enzyme inducer, autoinduction (induces its own metabolism).
Side Effects of Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Hyponatremia, ataxia, diplopia, aplastic anemia (rare but serious).
Lamotrigine (Lamictal) use
Broad-spectrum (focal, generalized, absence)
side effect of Lamotrigine (Lamictal):
Risk of serious rash (SJS/TEN), especially with
rapid titration. Start low, go slow!
Levetiracetam (Keppra) Mechanism
Binds to synaptic vesicle protein 2A
(SV2A), modulating neurotransmitter release (precise
mechanism still being investigated).
Uses of Levetiracetam
Broad-spectrum (focal, generalized, myoclonic)., well to relate , low drug interaction
Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal) similar mechanism to… (drug) and does this drug has more or fewer drug interactions to …
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What is the mechanism of enzyme inducers in CYP450?
Inducers increase CYP450 enzyme activity, decreasing levels of other drugs.
List key inducers of CYP450.
- Phenytoin
- Carbamazepine
- Phenobarbital
- Oxcarbazepine (lesser extent)
- Topiramate (lesser extent)
How do enzyme inducers affect oral contraceptives?
Decrease efficacy → Breakthrough bleeding, pregnancy risk.
What effect do enzyme inducers have on warfarin?
Decrease anticoagulant effect → Increased clotting risk.
What is the impact of enzyme inducers on other anticonvulsants?
Decrease levels of lamotrigine, valproate, zonisamide, tiagabine, etc.
What effect do enzyme inducers have on statins?
Decrease efficacy → Increased cholesterol.
How do enzyme inducers affect HIV medications?
Decrease efficacy → Treatment failure.
What is the impact of enzyme inducers on calcium channel blockers and corticosteroids?
Decrease efficacy.
What should be monitored when using enzyme inducers?
Monitor, adjust doses, consider alternatives, additional contraception.
