Drug1 Flashcards
What does the Blood Gas Partition Coefficient measure?
Anesthetic solubility in blood, ratio of anesthetic concentration in blood to gas phase at equilibrium.
What is the relationship between Blood: Gas Partition Coefficient and onset/offset speed?
Lower Blood: Gas = faster onset/offset; Higher Blood: Gas = slower onset/offset.
Which anesthetic has the lowest Blood: Gas Partition Coefficient?
Desflurane.
What is the Blood: Gas Partition Coefficient for Nitrous Oxide?
0.47.
What is the Blood: Gas Partition Coefficient for Sevoflurane?
0.65.
Rank the following anesthetics from fastest to slowest onset based on their Blood: Gas Partition Coefficient: Nitrous Oxide, Sevoflurane, Isoflurane, Desflurane.
- Desflurane (fastest) 2. Nitrous Oxide 3. Sevoflurane 4. Isoflurane (slowest).
What is the primary mechanism of action for local anesthetics?
Blocking voltage-gated sodium channels.
What happens when local anesthetics bind to sodium channels?
They prevent the influx of sodium ions necessary for depolarization.
What is LAST?
Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity, a serious complication when local anesthetic concentrations reach harmful levels in systemic circulation.
Why are local anesthetics more effective at blocking pain?
They bind more readily to inactivated sodium channels (use-dependent block).
Which local anesthetics can cause LAST?
All local anesthetics can cause LAST, but the risk is higher with potent, longer-acting agents.
What is the speed of induction and recovery for Propofol?
Very fast onset, very fast recovery.
What is the speed of induction and recovery for Thiopental?
Fast onset, slow recovery.
What is the speed of induction for Etomidate?
Rapid onset.
What is the speed of induction for Ketamine?
Slower than other anesthetics.
Fill in the blank: Local anesthetics exert their primary pharmacological effect by reversibly blocking _______.
voltage-gated sodium channels.
