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Adult Nursing > Drug types > Flashcards

Drug types Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the types of cardiac drugs?

A
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • ACE inhibitors
  • BETA blockers
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2
Q

What are calcium channel blockers?

A
  • Used to lower blood pressure
  • Used in treatment of hypertension
  • They stop calcium from entering the cells of the heart and arteries
  • Calcium causes the heart and arteries to squeeze more strongly
  • By blocking calcium, calcium channel blockers allow blood vessels to relax and open
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3
Q

What are some examples of calcium channel blockers?

A
  • Amlodipine
  • Felodipine
  • Isradipine
  • Nifedipine
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4
Q

What are ACE inhibitors?

A
  • Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors
  • Used to lower blood pressure and manage hypertension
  • Used in treatment in heart failure
  • ACE inhibitors prevent an enzyme in the body from making angiotensin 2, a substance that narrows blood vessels
  • Angiotensin 2 also releases hormones that raise blood pressure
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5
Q

What are examples of ACE inhibitors?

A
  • Captopril
  • Ramipril
  • Perindopril
  • Imidapril
  • Lisinopril
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6
Q

What are BETA blockers?

A
  • Used to lower blood pressure in treatment of hypertension
  • Used in treatment of heart failure and post MI (heart attack)
  • The medicines block the effects of the hormone adrenaline
  • Beta blockers cause the heart to beat more slowly and with less force. This lowers blood pressure. Beta blockers also help widen veins and arteries to improve blood flow.
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7
Q

What are examples of BETA blockers?

A
  • Atenolol
  • Bisoprolol
  • Propranolol
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8
Q

What is the name of lipid lowering drugs?

A

Statins

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9
Q

What are statins?

A
  • Drugs that lower cholesterol
  • They block a substance the body needs to make cholesterol
  • Cholesterol is a risk factor of heart disease and strokes as it is a fatty substance
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10
Q

What are examples of statins?

A
  • Atorvastatin
  • Simvastatin
  • Fluvastatin
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11
Q

What are examples of penicillin based antibiotics?

A
  • Tazocin
  • Amoxicillin
  • Flucloxacillin
  • Co-amoxiclav
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12
Q

What are antibiotics?

A
  • Antibiotics are used to treat or prevent some types of bacterial infection
  • They kill bacteria or prevent them from reproducing and spreading
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13
Q

What are examples of non-penicillin based antibiotics?

A
  • Gentamicin
  • Erythromycin
  • Clarithromycin
  • Vancomycin
  • Meropenem
  • Ertapenem
  • Ceftazidime
  • Cefuroxime
  • Cefalexin
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14
Q

What are antiemetics?

A
  • Medications aimed at preventing or treating nausea and vomiting
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15
Q

What are examples of antimetics?

A
  • Metoclopramide
  • Domperidone
  • Ondansetron
  • Cyclizine
  • Dexamethasone
  • Haloperidol
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16
Q

What are steroids/corticosteroids?

A
  • Corticosteroids help reduce inflammation
  • This can ease symptoms of inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis, asthma and skin rashes
  • Corticosteroids also suppress the immune system. This can help control conditions in which the immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues.
17
Q

What are examples of steroids?

A
  • Dexamethasone
  • Prednisolone
  • Hydrocortisone
  • Betamethasone
18
Q

What are analgesics?

A

Painkillers

19
Q

What are the two types of analgesics?

A
  • NSAIDs
  • Opioids
20
Q

What are NSAIDs?

A

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are members of a therapeutic drug class which reduces pain, decreases inflammation, decreases fever, and prevents blood clots.

21
Q

What are examples of NSAIDs?

A
  • Aspirin
  • Ibuprofen
  • Naproxen
  • Diclofenac
22
Q

What are opioids?

A
  • Opioid medicines travel through the blood and attach to opioid receptors in brain cells
  • This blocks pain messages and can boost feelings of pleasure
  • At lower doses, opioids may make you feel sleepy. But higher doses can slow your breathing and heart rate, which can lead to death
23
Q

What are examples of opioids?

A
  • Morphine
  • Diamorphine (heroin)
  • Fentanyl
  • Methadone
  • Oxycodone
  • Tramadol
  • Codeine
  • Buprenorphine
  • Dihydrocodeine
24
Q

What are diuretics?

A
  • Medicines that help reduce fluid build-up in the body
  • Most diuretics help the kidneys remove salt and water through the urine
  • This lowers the amount of fluid flowing through the veins and arteries
  • As a result, blood pressure goes down
25
Q

What are examples of diuretics?

A
  • Furosemide
  • Bumetanide
  • Indapamide
  • Amiloride
  • Spironolactone
26
Q

What are examples of drugs for treating depression and anxiety?

A
  • Lorazepam
  • Citalopram
  • Sertraline
  • Amitriptyline
  • Fluoxetine
  • Escitalopram
  • Haloperidol
27
Q

What are the examples of quick acting insulin in the treatment of diabetes?

A
  • Humalog
  • Actrapid
  • Novorapid
28
Q

What are the examples of long acting insulin in the treatment of diabetes?

A
  • Humulin
  • Lantus
  • Levemir
29
Q

What are the examples of oral drugs in the treatment of diabetes?

A
  • Gliclazide
  • Metformin
  • Sitagliptin
  • Saxagliptin
  • Liraglutide
  • Exenatide
30
Q

What are antacids?

A
  • An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion or an upset stomach
  • Some antacids have been used in the treatment of constipation and diarrhoea
31
Q

What are examples of antacids?

A
  • Omeprazole
  • Lansoprazole
  • Pantoprazole
  • Ranitidine
  • Famotidine
  • Gaviscon
32
Q

What are examples of drugs used for the bowels?

A
  • Imodium
  • Senna
  • Sodium docusate
  • Lactulose
  • Moviprep
  • Laxido
  • Picolax
33
Q

What are the different categories of drugs?

A
  • Analgesics
  • Antiemetics
  • Anaesthetics
  • Anticoagulants
  • Antacids
  • Antibiotics
  • Diuretics
  • Hypnotics
  • Cytotoxic (chemotherapy)
  • Cardiac drugs
  • Laxatives

Adult Nursing (23 decks)

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