Drug Sources & Classifications Flashcards
Define drugs
A chemical substance of known structure, other than a nutrient or essential dietary ingredient, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect
Most prescribed drugs in Ireland
Cardiovascular
CNS
Pain
3 types of names a drug may have
- Exact or abbreviated chemical name
- Official generic name
- Brand or commercial name
What is the MOA of fluoxetine (hydrochloride)
Hence what is it used for
Highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor, used as an antidepressant
what is common ending of cholesterol lowering drugs
Statins
What is the common ending of anti-ulcer drugs
Prazole (proton pump inhibitors)
What is the classification of drugs based on
- Chemical structure
- Mechanism of action
- Response produced
Give an example of beta lactam antibiotics
Penicillin
(all share beta lactam ring)
Give an example of drugs classed according to their mechanism of action
What is their function
Beta blocker (propranolol)
- Drugs for lowering BP
- Block beta adrenoceptors
Give an example of drugs classed according to the response produced
Antihypertensive agents - physiological response is to lower BP
e.g.
- beta blockers
- ACE inhibitors
- Diuretics
All reduce BP differently
Name the 5 sources of drugs
- Plants
- Micro-organisms
- Animals
- Synthetic
- Products of genetic engineering
What plant source is used to treat congestive heart failure
Digitalis from foxglove
What plant does morphine come from
Opium poppy
Give an example of a drug derived from microorganisms
Benzyl penicillin from penicillum mould
Where does insulin come from
Pancreatic extracts
