Drug side effects

Question 1

Seizures

Answer 1

Beta lactams (particularly carbepenems)

Question 2

Hepatotoxicity

Answer 2

Rifampin, Macrolides (inhibits cytochrome p450)

Question 3

Nephrotoxixity

Answer 3

Sulfonamides, Aminoglycosides, Vancomycin

Question 4

Ototoxicity

Answer 4

Aminoglycosides, Vancomycin

Question 5

QTc interval prolongation

Answer 5

Macrolides, fluoroquinolones

Question 6

Anemia

Answer 6

Chloramphenicol, trimethoprim

Question 7

Arthralgia

Answer 7

Quinupristin/dalfopristin, Fluoroquinolones

Question 8

Disulfiram rxn w/EtOH

Answer 8

metronidazole, 2nd gen cephalosporins

Question 9

superinfection

Answer 9

Clindamycin (C Diff!!!), fluoroquinolones (C diff, Candida), 3rd gen cephalosporins, Ampicillin

Question 10

Side effects of linezolid:

Answer 10

Bone marrow suppression

+SSRI = hallucinations, tachycardia, agitation, nausea

Question 11

Side effects of Aminoglycosides:

Answer 11

Tubular necrosis:

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity (drug retained in renal cortex; reversible)

hearing loss in fetus

poor gut absorbtion, given IV (or topical, neomycin)

polar, excluded from CSF

Question 12

Side effects of Tetracyclines:

Answer 12

form chelates with Ca+…

GI irritation

photosensitivity (abnormal sunburn rxn)

discoloration of teeth and inhibited bone growth in kids

Question 13

Side effects of chloramphenicol:

Answer 13

TOXIC

Bone marrow depression

aplastic anemia

Grey baby syndrome (can’t glucuronidate/decreased renal function)

Question 14

Side effects of macrolides:

Answer 14

GI discomfort

Hepatic failure

prolonged QT interval

inhibit cyt p450

clarithromycin not safe in pregnancy

Question 15

Side effects of quinupristin/dalfopristin:

Answer 15

arthralgia

myalgia

inhibits cyt p450