Drug Screening

Question 1

traditional methods of drug screening include

Answer 1

1. observation of effect on intact animal
2. observation on selected isolated tissues
3. investigation of cardiovascular activity

Question 2

observational studies on intact animals focus on____ changes and are often performed using ____

assessments

Answer 2

• behavioural
• graded

Question 3

The Irwin index assesses behavioural changes in these 6 areas

Answer 3

1. CNS activity
2. autonomic system
3. posture
4. gait
5. muscle tone
6. reflexes

Question 4

starting doses for observational studies start at and go to and why

Answer 4

• 1 to 100 mg/kg
• most drugs not effective at less than one, and toxic at 100
• use logrithmic scale for dose range (1, 3, 10, 30, 100)

Question 5

Isolated preparation studies determine the effect of a compound on

Answer 5

receptors with the intent of determining if the drug is an agonist or antagonist

Question 6

Cardiovascular studies are performed to observe the impact of the dose on

Answer 6

• blood pressure and
• effect of drugs influencing vascular tone such as noradrenaline

Question 7

New modern quantitative techniques for screening often include

Answer 7

• bioassays such as receptor binding assays

Question 8

what is one disadvantage with the new high throughput methods of screening

Answer 8

you may miss potentially important characteristics of the canditate molecules as you are looking for specific characteristics you want not those that may be a novel or alternate application

Question 9

Drug development prior to clinic includes

Answer 9

• preformulation
• synthesis
• Safety
  
  • preliminary tox
  • animal pharmacology