Anti-viral drugs

Question 1

viruses are made up of these 3 things

Answer 1

• DNA or RNA
• protein
• protein capsules

Question 2

after a virus has attached to a target cell, the first stage of replication includes

Answer 2

the formation of new virus particles in the cell

Question 3

virus particles are either

Answer 3

released in batches or the cell bursts

Question 4

antiviral drugs exert their activity by these four methods

Answer 4

• preventing viral replication i.e. nucleic acid synthesis or regulation
• inhibiting virus binding or cell penetration
• inhibiting viral uncoating
• stimulating the immune system

Question 5

Antiviral drugs include (9) classes

Answer 5

1. amantidine
2. idoxuridine
3. vidaribine
4. ribavirin
5. acyclovir
6. ganciclovir
7. reverse transcriptase inhibitors
8. protease inhibitors
9. zanamivir

Question 6

these drugs are effective against HIV

Answer 6

• reverse transcriptase inhibitors (AZT)
• protease inhibitors (Indinavir)
• ribavirin

Question 7

many anti-virals have this mechanism of action

Answer 7

• rare phosphorylated
• then inhibit DNA or RNA polymerase by either inserting the phosphorylated analogue into the chain stopping polymerization
• e.g. Vidaribine, idoxuridine, ribavirin, acyclovir

Question 8

reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as AZT act by

Answer 8

blocking reverse transcriptase

Question 9

viruses can or cannot replicate on their own

Answer 9

cannot

Question 10

Immunostimulants include

Answer 10

• vaccines
• inosin Pranobex
• interferon
• immunoglobulins
• palivizumab

Question 11

The antiviral properties of these drugs are the result of interference with nucleic acid synthesis or regulation

Answer 11

• acyclovir
• ganciclovir
• ribavirin
• reverse transcriptase inhibitors
  
  • AZT, Lamividine
• Protease Inhibitors
• Zanamivir
• idoxuridine

Question 12

the antiviral activity of palivizumab and interferons is the result of interference with

a) Nucleic acid synthesis or regulation
b) virus binding
c) viral uncoating
d) stimulation of immune system

Answer 12

b) interference with virus binding

Question 13

amatadine and rimantidine antiviral activity includes

Answer 13

interrruption of uncoating

Question 14

these drugs stimulate the immune system

Answer 14

• vaccines
• immunoglobulins
• Inosin pranobex
• interferons

Question 15

the mechanism of action of amantadine and Rimantadine includes

Answer 15

blocking of ion channel of M2 protein

inhibiting late stage uncoating of influenza A virions

Question 16

these are analogues of nucleotides

Answer 16

Idoxuridine

Question 17

Reverse transcription inhibitors include

Answer 17

• AZT a thymindine analogue
• Lamivudine a nucleoside analogue
• Nevirapine a non-nucleotide analogue

Question 18

Protease inhibitors include these drugs

Answer 18

Indinavir, Ritonavir, Saquinavir

Question 19

The mechanism of action of Protease inhibitors includes

Answer 19

• inhibition of HIV-1 specific proteolytic enzyme (protease)
• proteases are necessary for the production of infectious HIV virions