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PHARM SHELF AND BOARDS > DRUG REACTIONS AND ANTIDOTES > Flashcards

DRUG REACTIONS AND ANTIDOTES Flashcards

1
Q

2 drugs that can cause direct Coomb’s positive hemolytic anemia

A

methyldopa and penicillin

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2
Q

What is the antidote for beta blocker overdose?

A

glucagon

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2
Q

What is the antidote for digitalis (4)?

A

(KLAM) normalize K, lidocaine, Anti-dig Fab, Mg

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3
Q

What is the antidote for tPA, streptokinase, and urokinase?

A

aminocaproic acid

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3
Q

2 drugs that cause osteoporosis

A

corticosteroids and heparin

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4
Q

Which 4 drugs have anti-muscarinic side effects?

A

Atropine, TCA’s, H1 blockers, and neuroleptics

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5
Q

What is the antidote for theophylline?

A

Beta blocker

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7
Q

What is the antidote for salicylate toxicity?

A

NaHCO3 to alkalinze the urine

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7
Q

3 drugs causing photosensitivity

A

sulfonamides, amiodarone, and tetracyclines

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8
Q

What is the antidote for benzodiazepine toxicity?

A

Flumazenil

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8
Q

TB drug that causes hepatitis

A

isoniazid

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8
Q

6 drugs causing gynecomastia

A

Cimetidine, Spironolactone, Digitalis, Estrogen, Chronic Alcohol abuse, and Ketoconazole

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9
Q

What is the antidote for copper, arsenic and gold poisoning?

A

penicillamine

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10
Q

4 drugs that precipitate gout

A

Loop diuretics, Thiazide diuretics, Niacin, and Cyclosporine

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10
Q

8 drugs that cause myopathies

A

Fibrates, Statins, Niacin, Colchicine, Hydroxychloroquine, IFN alpha, Penicillamine, and Glucocorticoids

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11
Q

2 drugs that can cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

lithium and demeclocycline (Recall: demeclocycline is USED to Tx the opposite condition, SIADH)

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12
Q

What is the antidote for iron toxicity?

A

Defuroxamine, Deferasirox

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12
Q

7 drugs causing hemolysis in G6PD patients

A

Isoniazid, Dapsone, Sulfonamides, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, and Nitrofurantoin

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13
Q

What is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity?

A

N-acetylcysteine

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14
Q

Drug that causes Gray Baby Syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

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14
Q

Drug that can cause acute cholestatic hepatitis and jaundice

A

erythromycin

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15
Q

2 classes of drugs that cause Torsades

A

Class III (sotalol) and Class Ia (quinidine)

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16
Q

3 drugs causing a Parkinson-like syndrome

A

Antipsychotics, reserpine, and metoclopromide

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18
Q

What is the treatment for methemoglobinemia?

A

Methylene blue and vitamin C

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19
Q

What is the antidote for opioid toxicity?

A

naloxone (IV), naltrexone (PO)

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20
Q

3 drugs causing pulmonary fibrosis

A

Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan

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21
Q

8 drugs that cause Stevens Johnson Syndrome

A

Penicillin, Ethosuximide, Carbamazepine, Sulfa drugs, Lamotrigine, Allopurinol, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital (LOTS OF NEURO DRUGS!)

21
Q

4 drugs that cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity

A

Aminoglycosides, Cisplatin, Loop diuretics, and Vancomycin

22
Q

Drug most implicated in pseudomembranous colitis

A

clindamycin (ampicillin as well)

24
Q

What is the antidote for lead toxicity (4)?

A

CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine

25
Q

5 drugs causing hyperglycemia

A

Niacin, Tacrolimus, protease inhibitors, HCTZ, corticosteroids

26
Q

2 drugs that can cause SIADH

A

Carbamazepine and Cyclophosphamide

27
Q

What type of drug can cause Tardive Dyskinesia?

A

antipsychotics and (I think) metoclopromide

28
Q

What is the antidote for mercury, aresenic and gold poisoning?

A

Dimercaprol, succimer

29
Q

2 drugs that cause hemorrhagic cystitis. How to prevent?

A

Cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide; co-administer mesna

30
Q

6 drugs that may cause seizures

A

isoniazid, bupropion, imipenem/cilastatin, tramadol, enflurane, metoclopromide

31
Q

2 drugs that can cause cinchonism

A

Quinidine and Quinine

32
Q

2 drugs that cause gingival hyperplasia

A

phenytoin and verapamil

33
Q

2 drugs causing hot flashes

A

clomiphene and tamoxifen

35
Q

2 drugs that cause dilated cardiomyopathy

A

doxorubicin, daunorubicin

36
Q

2 drugs that cause fat redistribution

A

protease inhibitors and glucocorticoids

37
Q

Drugs that cause tooth abnormalities in kids

A

tetracyclines

38
Q

3 drugs causing megaloblastic anemia

A

phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs (i.e. TMP-SMX)

39
Q

3 drugs that cause coronary vasospasm

A

Sumatriptan, Cocaine, Ergot alkaloids

40
Q

Drug causing adrenocortical insufficiency

A

glucocorticoid withdrawal

42
Q

What is the treatment for cyanide poisoning?

A

Nitrite and Thiosulfate with hydroxycobalamin

43
Q

What is the antidote for amphetamines?

A

They are basic so you give NH4Cl to acidify the urine (ammonium chloride)

44
Q

5 drugs that cause aplastic anemia

A

Chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, propylthiouracil and methimazole

45
Q

Drugs that cause tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage

A

fluoroquinolones

46
Q

Which 4 drugs have disulfiram like reaction

A

Metronidazole, some cephalosporins, procarbazine, and 1st generation sulfonylureas

48
Q

What is the antidote for carbon monoxide poisoning?

A

100% O2 or hyperbaric O2

50
Q

What is the antidote for heparin toxicity?

A

Protamine sulfate

51
Q

What is the antidote for TCA’s?

A

NaHCO3 to alkalinize the plasma

53
Q

3 drugs causing hypothyroidism

A

lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides

54
Q

Drugs that cause a cough

A

ACE inhibitors

55
Q

6 drugs that cause agranulocytosis

A

Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Propylthiouracil, Methimazole, Dapsone

56
Q

What is the antidote for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and organophosphates?

A

atropine and pralidoxime

57
Q

The 4 drugs causing lupus like syndrome

A

Hydralazine, Phenytoin, Procainamide, Isoniazid

58
Q

What is the antidote for warfarin toxicity?

A

Fresh Frozen Plasma acutely, Vitamin K for longterm

59
Q

4 drugs that cause cutaneous flushing

A

Vancomycin (red man syndrome), Adenosine, CCB’s, Niacin

60
Q

What is the antidote for antimuscarinic and anticholinergic agents?

A

physostigmine

62
Q

4 drugs that can cause focal to massive hepatic necrosis

A

Halothane, Amanita phalloides, Valproic acid, and Acetaminophen

63
Q

What is the antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?

A

Fomepizole > ethanol, dialysis

64
Q

Drugs notorious for thrombotic complications

65
Q

3 drugs causing interstitial nephritis

A

Methicillin, NSAIDs, and furosemide

PHARM SHELF AND BOARDS (13 decks)

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