DRUG REACTIONS AND ANTIDOTES Flashcards
2 drugs that can cause direct Coomb’s positive hemolytic anemia
methyldopa and penicillin
What is the antidote for beta blocker overdose?
glucagon
What is the antidote for digitalis (4)?
(KLAM) normalize K, lidocaine, Anti-dig Fab, Mg
What is the antidote for tPA, streptokinase, and urokinase?
aminocaproic acid
2 drugs that cause osteoporosis
corticosteroids and heparin
Which 4 drugs have anti-muscarinic side effects?
Atropine, TCA’s, H1 blockers, and neuroleptics
What is the antidote for theophylline?
Beta blocker
What is the antidote for salicylate toxicity?
NaHCO3 to alkalinze the urine
3 drugs causing photosensitivity
sulfonamides, amiodarone, and tetracyclines
What is the antidote for benzodiazepine toxicity?
Flumazenil
TB drug that causes hepatitis
isoniazid
6 drugs causing gynecomastia
Cimetidine, Spironolactone, Digitalis, Estrogen, Chronic Alcohol abuse, and Ketoconazole
What is the antidote for copper, arsenic and gold poisoning?
penicillamine
4 drugs that precipitate gout
Loop diuretics, Thiazide diuretics, Niacin, and Cyclosporine
8 drugs that cause myopathies
Fibrates, Statins, Niacin, Colchicine, Hydroxychloroquine, IFN alpha, Penicillamine, and Glucocorticoids
2 drugs that can cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
lithium and demeclocycline (Recall: demeclocycline is USED to Tx the opposite condition, SIADH)
What is the antidote for iron toxicity?
Defuroxamine, Deferasirox
7 drugs causing hemolysis in G6PD patients
Isoniazid, Dapsone, Sulfonamides, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, and Nitrofurantoin
What is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity?
N-acetylcysteine
Drug that causes Gray Baby Syndrome
Chloramphenicol
Drug that can cause acute cholestatic hepatitis and jaundice
erythromycin
2 classes of drugs that cause Torsades
Class III (sotalol) and Class Ia (quinidine)
3 drugs causing a Parkinson-like syndrome
Antipsychotics, reserpine, and metoclopromide
What is the treatment for methemoglobinemia?
Methylene blue and vitamin C
What is the antidote for opioid toxicity?
naloxone (IV), naltrexone (PO)
3 drugs causing pulmonary fibrosis
Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan