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PHARM SHELF AND BOARDS > DRUG REACTIONS AND ANTIDOTES > Flashcards

DRUG REACTIONS AND ANTIDOTES Flashcards

1
Q

2 drugs that can cause direct Coomb’s positive hemolytic anemia

A

methyldopa and penicillin

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2
Q

What is the antidote for beta blocker overdose?

A

glucagon

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2
Q

What is the antidote for digitalis (4)?

A

(KLAM) normalize K, lidocaine, Anti-dig Fab, Mg

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3
Q

What is the antidote for tPA, streptokinase, and urokinase?

A

aminocaproic acid

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3
Q

2 drugs that cause osteoporosis

A

corticosteroids and heparin

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4
Q

Which 4 drugs have anti-muscarinic side effects?

A

Atropine, TCA’s, H1 blockers, and neuroleptics

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5
Q

What is the antidote for theophylline?

A

Beta blocker

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7
Q

What is the antidote for salicylate toxicity?

A

NaHCO3 to alkalinze the urine

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7
Q

3 drugs causing photosensitivity

A

sulfonamides, amiodarone, and tetracyclines

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8
Q

What is the antidote for benzodiazepine toxicity?

A

Flumazenil

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8
Q

TB drug that causes hepatitis

A

isoniazid

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8
Q

6 drugs causing gynecomastia

A

Cimetidine, Spironolactone, Digitalis, Estrogen, Chronic Alcohol abuse, and Ketoconazole

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9
Q

What is the antidote for copper, arsenic and gold poisoning?

A

penicillamine

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10
Q

4 drugs that precipitate gout

A

Loop diuretics, Thiazide diuretics, Niacin, and Cyclosporine

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10
Q

8 drugs that cause myopathies

A

Fibrates, Statins, Niacin, Colchicine, Hydroxychloroquine, IFN alpha, Penicillamine, and Glucocorticoids

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11
Q

2 drugs that can cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

lithium and demeclocycline (Recall: demeclocycline is USED to Tx the opposite condition, SIADH)

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12
Q

What is the antidote for iron toxicity?

A

Defuroxamine, Deferasirox

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12
Q

7 drugs causing hemolysis in G6PD patients

A

Isoniazid, Dapsone, Sulfonamides, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, and Nitrofurantoin

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13
Q

What is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity?

A

N-acetylcysteine

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14
Q

Drug that causes Gray Baby Syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

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14
Q

Drug that can cause acute cholestatic hepatitis and jaundice

A

erythromycin

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15
Q

2 classes of drugs that cause Torsades

A

Class III (sotalol) and Class Ia (quinidine)

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16
Q

3 drugs causing a Parkinson-like syndrome

A

Antipsychotics, reserpine, and metoclopromide

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18
Q

What is the treatment for methemoglobinemia?

A

Methylene blue and vitamin C

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19
What is the antidote for opioid toxicity?
naloxone (IV), naltrexone (PO)
20
3 drugs causing pulmonary fibrosis
Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Busulfan
21
8 drugs that cause Stevens Johnson Syndrome
Penicillin, Ethosuximide, Carbamazepine, Sulfa drugs, Lamotrigine, Allopurinol, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital (LOTS OF NEURO DRUGS!)
21
4 drugs that cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
Aminoglycosides, Cisplatin, Loop diuretics, and Vancomycin
22
Drug most implicated in pseudomembranous colitis
clindamycin (ampicillin as well)
24
What is the antidote for lead toxicity (4)?
CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, penicillamine
25
5 drugs causing hyperglycemia
Niacin, Tacrolimus, protease inhibitors, HCTZ, corticosteroids
26
2 drugs that can cause SIADH
Carbamazepine and Cyclophosphamide
27
What type of drug can cause Tardive Dyskinesia?
antipsychotics and (I think) metoclopromide
28
What is the antidote for mercury, aresenic and gold poisoning?
Dimercaprol, succimer
29
2 drugs that cause hemorrhagic cystitis. How to prevent?
Cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide; co-administer mesna
30
6 drugs that may cause seizures
isoniazid, bupropion, imipenem/cilastatin, tramadol, enflurane, metoclopromide
31
2 drugs that can cause cinchonism
Quinidine and Quinine
32
2 drugs that cause gingival hyperplasia
phenytoin and verapamil
33
2 drugs causing hot flashes
clomiphene and tamoxifen
35
2 drugs that cause dilated cardiomyopathy
doxorubicin, daunorubicin
36
2 drugs that cause fat redistribution
protease inhibitors and glucocorticoids
37
Drugs that cause tooth abnormalities in kids
tetracyclines
38
3 drugs causing megaloblastic anemia
phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs (i.e. TMP-SMX)
39
3 drugs that cause coronary vasospasm
Sumatriptan, Cocaine, Ergot alkaloids
40
Drug causing adrenocortical insufficiency
glucocorticoid withdrawal
42
What is the treatment for cyanide poisoning?
Nitrite and Thiosulfate with hydroxycobalamin
43
What is the antidote for amphetamines?
They are basic so you give NH4Cl to acidify the urine (ammonium chloride)
44
5 drugs that cause aplastic anemia
Chloramphenicol, benzene, NSAIDs, propylthiouracil and methimazole
45
Drugs that cause tendonitis, tendon rupture, and cartilage damage
fluoroquinolones
46
Which 4 drugs have disulfiram like reaction
Metronidazole, some cephalosporins, procarbazine, and 1st generation sulfonylureas
48
What is the antidote for carbon monoxide poisoning?
100% O2 or hyperbaric O2
50
What is the antidote for heparin toxicity?
Protamine sulfate
51
What is the antidote for TCA's?
NaHCO3 to alkalinize the plasma
53
3 drugs causing hypothyroidism
lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides
54
Drugs that cause a cough
ACE inhibitors
55
6 drugs that cause agranulocytosis
Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Colchicine, Propylthiouracil, Methimazole, Dapsone
56
What is the antidote for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and organophosphates?
atropine and pralidoxime
57
The 4 drugs causing lupus like syndrome
Hydralazine, Phenytoin, Procainamide, Isoniazid
58
What is the antidote for warfarin toxicity?
Fresh Frozen Plasma acutely, Vitamin K for longterm
59
4 drugs that cause cutaneous flushing
Vancomycin (red man syndrome), Adenosine, CCB's, Niacin
60
What is the antidote for antimuscarinic and anticholinergic agents?
physostigmine
62
4 drugs that can cause focal to massive hepatic necrosis
Halothane, Amanita phalloides, Valproic acid, and Acetaminophen
63
What is the antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?
Fomepizole \> ethanol, dialysis
64
Drugs notorious for thrombotic complications
OCP's
65
3 drugs causing interstitial nephritis
Methicillin, NSAIDs, and furosemide

PHARM SHELF AND BOARDS (13 decks)

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