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Pharmacology II > Drug Names and Classifications (Opiates, Insulin, NSAIDs, Ocular beta blockers/adrenergics) > Flashcards

Drug Names and Classifications (Opiates, Insulin, NSAIDs, Ocular beta blockers/adrenergics) Flashcards

1
Q

Morphine

A

Prototypical Opiate

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2
Q

Met. enkephalin
Leu. enkephalin
Beta-endorphin
Dynorphin

A

Endogenous opiate-peptides (natural stuff)

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3
Q

Naltrexone (ReVia)
Naloxone (Narcan)
-xone

A

Specific opiate receptor antagonists

Good for opioid overdose/unknown severe respiratory depression

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4
Q

Codeine

A

Opiate; structurally similar to morphine
Orally effective at 1/10th potency when given subcutaneously
Metabolized into morphine at liver

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5
Q

Detromethorphan

A

Opiate; structurally similar to morphine
Non-narcotic anti-tussive
Affects a non-opioid receptor
OTC, no dependence

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6
Q

Hydromorphine (Dilaudid)

A

Opiate

5 times the potency of morphine and shorter duration

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7
Q

Oxycodone (Percodan)

A

Opiate; structurally similar to morphine

Same efficacy as morphine, ORALLY effective and frequently abused

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8
Q

Hydrocodone and Acetaminophen (Vicodin)

A

Opiate
Oxycodone with an OH group
MOST FREQUENTLY PRESCRIBED DRUG IN THE USA

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9
Q

Aspirin
Methyl Salicylate
Diflunisal

A

NSAID/Non-opioid analgesics

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10
Q

Acetaminophen (APAP) (N-Acetyl-para-aminophenol)

A

NSAID

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11
Q

Indomethacin

A

Most potent NSAID

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12
Q

Sulindac (Clinoril)

A

Active metabolite, related to indomethacin with less GI problems

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13
Q

Ibuprofen (Motrin/Advil)

A

More potent than ASA

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14
Q

Naproxen (Aleve)

A

NSAID

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15
Q

Diclofenax

A

NSAID that also decreases free arachidonic acid

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16
Q

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

A

Selective COX-2 Inhibitor

Little GI tract action and little platelet aggregation inhibition

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17
Q

Aspirin
Methyl Salicylate
Diflunisal

A

NSAID/Non-opioid analgesics

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18
Q

Acetaminophen (APAP) (N-Acetyl-para-aminophenol)

A

NSAID

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19
Q

Indomethacin

A

Most potent NSAID

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20
Q

Sulindac (Clinoril)

A

Active metabolite, related to indomethacin with less GI problems

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21
Q

Ibuprofen (Motrin/Advil)

A

More potent than ASA

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22
Q

Naproxen (Aleve)

A

NSAID

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23
Q

Diclofenax

A

NSAID that also decreases free arachidonic acid

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24
Q

Celecoxib (Celebrex)

A

Selective COX-2 Inhibitor

Little GI tract action and little platelet aggregation inhibition

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25
Q

Regular insulin preparation, lasts 5-7 hours

A

Humulin or Humalog

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26
Q

Intermediate lasting insulin preparation lasting 18-24 hours

A

Humulin N or Novolin N

27
Q

Long acting insulin preparation (36 hours)

A

Insulin glargine/Lantus

28
Q

Tolbutamide (Orinase)

A

Sulfonylurea

29
Q

Glipizide (Glucotrol)

A

Newer generation sulfonylurea

30
Q

Glyburide (Micronase)

A

Newer generation sulfonylurea

31
Q

Glimepiride (Ammaryl)

A

Newer generation sulfonylurea

32
Q

Repaglinide (Prandin)

A

Secretagogue, used for short term blood glucose control

33
Q

Nateglinide (Starlix)

A

Secretagogues; used for short term blood glucose control

34
Q

Metformin (Glucophage)

A

Biguanide

35
Q

Rosiglitazone (Avandia)

A

Thiazolidinedione

36
Q

Pioglitazone (Actos)

A

Thiazolidinedione

37
Q

GLP-1 receptor agonists

A

Liraglutide and Exenatide

38
Q

Methylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol

A

Used to increase drug viscosity

39
Q

Benzalkonium Chloride

A

A preservative used in drops that is toxic to the eye, disrupts corneal epithelium

40
Q

Thimerosal

A

Drop preservative that developed many allergic reactions, no longer used

41
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Sympathomimetic; A1/2 and B1 receptors

42
Q

Epinephrine

A

Sympathomimetic; prototypical

43
Q

Phenylephrine’s Generic name is?

A

Neo-synephrine

44
Q

Phenylephrine/Neo-synephrine

A

Adrenergic agent; A1 agonist

45
Q

Apracolindine’s generic name is?

A

Oopidine

46
Q

Apracolindine/Oopidine

A

Selective A2 agonist

47
Q

Brimonidine’s generic name?

A

Alphagan P

48
Q

Brimonidine/Alphagan P

A

HIGHLY selective A2 agonist

49
Q

Naphazoline
Tetrahydrozoline
Oxymetazoline

A

OTC sympathomimetics

50
Q

Cocaine

A

Indirect NE release, adrenergic action
Can be used to debrade corneal epithelium
Highly controlled

51
Q

What is Daplprazole’s commercial name?

A

Rev-Eyes

52
Q

Daplprazole/Rev-Eyes

A

Adrenergic antagonist

53
Q

What is Propranolol’s commercial name?

A

Timoptic, Timoptic-XE and Timolol

54
Q

Propranolol/Timolol/Timoptic/Timoptic-XE

A

Beta Blocker; Prototypical

55
Q

What is Lebobunolol’s commercial name?

A

Betagan

56
Q

Lebobunolol/Betagan

A

Beta blocker; longer lasting than timolol

57
Q

What is Metipranolol’s commercial name?

A

Optipranolol

58
Q

Metipranolol/Optipranolol

A

Beta blocker; Non-selective beta blocker, pretty much like timolol

59
Q

What is betaxolol’s commercial name?

A

Betoptic

60
Q

Betaxolol/Betoptic

A

Selective B1 blocker, less effective than timolol but no pulmonary side effects

61
Q

What is Carteolol’s commercial name?

A

Ocupress

62
Q

Carteolol/Ocupress

A

Partial agonist (intrinsic sympathomimetic activity) good for those that do not want to experience CV effects and want to exercise

63
Q

What are the combination products for beta blockers?

A

Combigan (brimonidine 0.2% and timolol 0.5%)

Cosopt (dorzolamide 2.0% and timolol 0.5%)

Pharmacology II (10 decks)

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