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Pharmacology 2 > Drug-Drug Interactions > Flashcards

Drug-Drug Interactions Flashcards

1
Q

Lag time for IV drug

A

None

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2
Q

3 Areas of concern when thinking about drug-drug interactions

A

Coagulation, Heart, CNS

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3
Q

Action of Deferasirox

A

Chelating Agent

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4
Q

Adverse effects of Warfarin

A

Hemorrhage

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5
Q

AE’s of Cyclosporine

A

Renal, HTN, Hyperlipidemia

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6
Q

AE’s of Digoxin

A

Cardiac Tachyarrhythmias, AV block

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7
Q

AE’s of Doxepin

A

Excessive sedation, Tachyarrhythmias

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8
Q

AE’s of Methotrexate

A

Pancytopenia, Liver

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9
Q

AE’s of Theophylline

A

CNS Tox

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10
Q

Agonist of Histamine H2 receptor would affect GI pH how

A

Raise GI pH –> Increase absoprtion of basic drugs

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11
Q

Antibiotics generally __ the effects of Warfarin

A

Increase

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12
Q

Anticoagulant w/ Narrow TI

A

Warfarin –> Hemorrhage

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13
Q

Antidepressant w/ Narrow TI

A

Doxepin –> Sedation, Tachyarrhythmias

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14
Q

Azole with no effect on CYP3A4

A

Fluconazole

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15
Q

Azole with strong inhibition of CYP3A4

A

Voriconazole

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16
Q

Bile sequestrant –> Bind drugs (eg Propanolo) –> Decrease absorption

A

Cholestyramine

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17
Q

Both irreversible and Quasi-Irreversible CYP inhibitor are caused by

A

Formation of Reactive Metabolites

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18
Q

Both irreversible and Quasi-Irreversible CYP inhibitor require

A

At least 1 cycle of CYP catalytic process

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19
Q

Bronchodilator w/ Narrow TI

A

Theophylline –> CNS toxicity

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20
Q

Cisplatin + Cyclophosphamide both

A

form DNA adducts at diff sites

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21
Q

CYP effect of Fluoxetine, Paroxetine

A

CYP2D6 strong inhibition

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22
Q

CYP inhibitor potency determined by

A

Lipophilicity and Strength of bonds

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23
Q

Ergotamine + Caffeine =

A

Increased Ergotamine uptake

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24
Q

Erythromycin effect on CYP

A

Strong inhibitor of 3A4 and 1A2

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25
Function of Chelating Agent
Administered to bind serum iron and heavy metals to facilitate renal elimination
26
Immunosuppressives w/ Narrow TI
Cyclosporine --> Renal, HTN; MTX --> Panctyopenia, Liver tox
27
Importance of Atorvastatin
Binds PXR and RXR --> Upregulate CYP3A4
28
Important PXR target
CPY3A4
29
Inotropic Agents w/ Narrow TI
Digoxin --> Tachyarrythmias, AV Block
30
Macrolide with no inhibition of CYP3A4
Azithromycin
31
Macrolide with strong CYP inhibition
Erythromycin
32
Many potent reversible CYP inhibitors contain
Nitrogen
33
Methotrexate + Fluorouracil =
5-FU solidifies action of MTX
34
Most common herbal products have effects on __ activity
CYP
35
Most common type of CYP inhibition
Reversible
36
Niacin + Simvastatin =
Decrease LDL cholesterol
37
Non-specific beta-adrenergic blocker used to treat HTN
Propanolol
38
Peak drug effect usually occurs when
Drug level in plasma reaches highest point
39
Propanolo and Salmeterol both act on
Beta-2 Adrenergic receptors, but in diff organs
40
Propanolol + Salmeterol =
Antagonism
41
Propanolol is used to treat
HTN (non-specific beta-adrenergic blocker)
42
Raising GI pH increases absorption of
basic drugs
43
Result of Rifampin added to Cyclosporine
Cyclo levels decline due to CYP induction --> Loss of transplant
44
Result of Rifampin added to Hormonal Contraceptives
HC levels decline due to CYP induction --> Preg
45
Result of Rifampin added to Tacrolimus
Tacro levels decline due to CYP induction --> Loss of transplant
46
Result of Rifampin added to Warfarin
Warfarin levels decline due to CYP induction --> Thrombosis
47
Reversible CYP inhibition is result of
Competition at active site, probably only involves first step
48
Role of Cholestyramine in Drug Drug Interactions
Bile sequestrant --> Bind drugs (eg Propanolo) --> Decrease absorption
49
Role of Clarithromycin in Drug Drug Interaxn
Weak CYP3A4 inhibitor
50
Role of Erythromycin in Drug Drug Interactions
Strong CYP3A4 and 1A2 inhibitor
51
Role of Fluoxetine/Paroxetine in Drug Drug Interaction
Strong 2D6 inhibitor
52
Role of Itraconazole in Drug Drug Interaxn
Weak CYP3A4 inhibitor
53
Role of Ranitidine in Drug Drug Interactions
Agonist of Histamine H2 receptors --> Raises GI pH --> Increase absoprtion of basic drugs
54
Role of Voriconazole in Drug Drug Interaction
Strong CYP3A4 inhibitor
55
Salmeterol + Fluticasone =
Synergistic T cell activation and Apoptosis induction
56
Salmeterol is used to produce
bronchodilation by activating beta-2 adrenergic receptors in bronchial SM of lung
57
SSIR + Triptans =
Serotonin Syndrome
58
SSRI + Tramadol =
Serotonin Syndrome, Seizures
59
SSRI with strong inhibition of CYP2D6
Fluoxetine, Paroxetine
60
Statin drugs in high concentrations cause
Breakdown of muscle (Rhabdomyolysis) --> Pain, Renal Failure
61
Statins that are CYP3A4 substrates
Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, Simvastatin
62
Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim both target the
DHFR pathway
63
The effects of the body on a drug
Pharmacokinetic
64
The effects of the drug on the body
Pharmacodynamic
65
Three examples of drugs affected by Rifampin CYP3A4 induction
Warfarin, HC's, Cyclosporine/Tacrolimus
66
Voriconazole effect on CYP3A4
Strong inhibitor
67
What do Aspirin, Barbituates, Phenytoin, Sulfonamides, Valproic Acid, and Warfarin have in commone
Highly protein-bound in plasma
68
What drug would reduce absoprtion of Propanolol
Cholestyramine (bile sequestrant)
69
What would increase Triazoloam absorption
Increase stomach pH (Ranitidine)
70
Who are especially susceptible to effects of drug-drug interaction
Women, old, young

Pharmacology 2 (8 decks)

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