Alcohol Flashcards
2 Enzymes involved in alcohol metabolism
Alcohol and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase
2 Treatment options for Methanol/Ethylene Glycol intoxication
Fomepizole, Ethanol
3 Drugs approved by FDA for Tx of Alcoholism
Disulfiram (Antabuse), Naltrexone (ReVia), Acamprosate (Campral)
3 Treatments for Withdrawing Patient:
(1) Benzo: Diazepam; (2) Thiamine; (3) Electrolytes
4 Treatments for Intoxicated Patient:
(1) ABCs; (2) Dextrose; (3) Thiamine; (4) Electrolytes
Acamprosate
Weak NMDA Antagonist, activator of GABAa receptors
Adverse effects of Acetaldehyde
Nausea, thus premise of Disulfram use in chronic alcoholics
Adverse effects of Ethylene Glycol
Acidosis, Nephrotoxicity
Adverse effects of Methanol
Acidosis, Retinal Damage
Alcohol DH competitive inhibitor
Fomepizole
Antidote to NAPQI (Acetominophen intermediate)
N-Acetylcysteine
Disulfiram
Inhibits Aldehyde Dehyrdrogenase; Encourages abstinence from alcohol
Disulfiram-like effects
Increase Acetylaldehyde levels
Drug interaction for Ethanol in Diabetics
Increased risk of Hypoglycemia
Ethanol is an important inducer of ___
CYP2E1
Fomepizole
Alcohol DH competitive inhibitor
For both Ethylene Glycol and Methanol, the conversion to toxic products involves
Alcohol DH
Highly reactive intermediate of Acetominophen
NAPQI
Inhibition of what enzyme causes facial flushing after ethanol consumption
Aldehyde DH
Inhibits Aldehyde Dehyrdrogenase; Encourages abstinence from alcohol
Disulfiram
Interaction b/t Ethanol and NSAIDS/Anticoagulants
Increased risk of bleeding
Metabolism of alcohol is ___ order metabolism
Zero
mu opiate receptor antagonist; decreased reward
Naltrexone
Naltrexone
mu opiate receptor antagonist; decreased reward
There is very little involvement of ___ in the processing of alcohol
CYP metabolism
Weak NMDA Antagonist, activator of GABAa receptors
Acamprosate
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
Alcohol toxicity secondary to Thiamine Deficiency
Why might Lorazepam be preferable to Diazepam in Withdrawing patient
Concerns over hepatic function
