Drug and Alcohol Dependency

Question 1

Define tolerance

Answer 1

Through habituation an individual develops a tolerance to the effects of a substance. with repeated administration, more of the substance is required in order to achieve the same effects

Question 2

Describe the temperance model in explaining substance abuse

Answer 2

This focuses on the drug taking control, being dangerous and causing the problems. The mere exposure to the substance can causes addiction

Question 3

Describe the moral model in explaining substance abuse

Answer 3

Focuses on addiction being based on weakness and defective character where as biological basis of addiction is rejected and so total responsibility is placed on the person.

Question 4

Describe the disease model in explaining substance abuse

Answer 4

Certain people have a specific physiological process of addiction which leads to a loss of control when the drug is used. Individual has responsibility of managing the disease

Question 5

Describe the medical model in explaining substance abuse

Answer 5

Looks at a number of potential physiological medical factors that have been considered to put the person at risk

Question 6

Describe the psychodynamic model in explaining substance abuse

Answer 6

Alcohol and other drug problems are primarily related to factors such as early childhood experiences or trauma.

Question 7

Describe the socioculteral model in explaining substance abuse

Answer 7

A number of socioculteral factors have been identified which increase the risk of problems within a population

Question 8

Describe the systems and family model in explaining substance abuse

Answer 8

Need to see alcohol and other drug use in relationship to the functioning of family and social systems

Question 9

Describe the learning model in explaining substance abuse

Answer 9

Alcohol and other drug use is learned behaviour

Question 10

Describe instrumental learning

Answer 10

Reinforcement - Increases frequency of behaviour.

Punishment - Decreases frequency of behaviour

Question 11

What are some of the aspects of psychological models

Answer 11

Choice - person often choses to engage in addictive behaviour,
Compulsion and Self-control - A person sometimes chooses to refrain from a behaviour but fails to enact their choice,
- Learning mechanisms - Sometimes behaviour results from a habit with little conscious decision