Children and Young People

Question 1

At what age is it legal assumed that young people can make decisions about their care?

Answer 1

England, wales and NI - 18 years old.

Scotland - 16 years old

Question 2

Explain what is meant by children and young people?

Answer 2

Children - People who are probably not mature enough to make an important decision themselves.
Young people - Those who are,

Question 3

What does the clinician need to consider when looking at the best interests of a child

Answer 3

1) Views of the child/young person.
2) Views of parents,
3) Views of others close to the child/young person.
4) Cultural, religious or other beliefs of the child or patents.
5) Views of other healthcare professionals providing care to the child.
6) Which choice will least restrict the childs future options

Question 4

What is Gillick competence?

Answer 4

A young person under 16 with capacity to make any relevant decision, with sufficient maturity is referred to as being ‘Gillick competent’

Question 5

Explain why consent is often more easily accepted than refused

Answer 5

Lock and Key analogy - Doctor only needs 1 key to unlock consent. 3 Potential keys exist in the case of a mature minor;

• Mature minor,
• Parents,
• Courts

Question 6

What are the ethical issues surrounding living organ donation under the age of 16 years old

Answer 6

• Difficult to obtain informed consent

Question 7

What is an ethical issue surrounding euthanasia of children over the age of 12

Answer 7

Children over the age of 12 could request euthanasia with permission of their parents - cohersion ect

Question 8

What is an ethical issue surrounding clinical research with minors

Answer 8

Should parents allow their child to participate if it involves discomfort/distress to child.