DRRR_M1 Flashcards
these are fragments produced by volcanic eruption; usually divided into three
tephras
What are the 8 stated parts of volcano?
magma chamber, main vent, side vent, smoke and ash, crust, mantle, crater, lava
what are the three (3) tephras
ash, lapili, and volcanic bomb
particles that are smaller than 2 mm(0.08 inch) in diameter; one of the tephras
ash
Between 2 and 64 mm (0.08 and
2.5 inches) in diameter; an example of a___ is a scoria
lapili
give me an example of lapili
scoria
larger than 64mm; called volcanic rock when solid
volcanic bomb
what are the 10 signs that a volcanic eruption is about to happen or impending?
- increased occurrences of volcanic tremors
- increased steaming activity
- crater glow
- ground swells, ground tilt, ground fissuring
- localized landslides
- drying up of vegetation
- increase in temperature of its crater lake
- noticeable variation of the content of crater lake or springs; there is a presence of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide spikes
- drying of springs or wells
- new or reactivated thermal areas (solfataras)
crater lake released approximately 100,000 to 300,000 tons of carbon dioxide killing 1700 people and 3500 livestock via asphyxiation
lake nyos disaster
lake nyos disaster crater lake released approximately ______to ______ tons of carbon dioxide killing _______ people and ________ livestock via ________
100,000 to 300,000; 1700;3500; asphyxiation
new or reactivated thermal areas
solfataras
what are the four parameter used to monitor a volcano?
- ground deformation
- seismic activities
- gases
- sensory observations
any surface changes in the perimeter of the volcano
ground deformation
tremors or quakes; a parameter
seismic activitya
a parameter; presence of CO2 and SO2(sulfur dioxide)
gases
the four sensory observation
olfactory, auditory, visual, tactiel
a sensory observation; steam
visual
a sesory observation; rumbling sounds
auditory
a sensory observation; smell of rotten eggs (sulfur)
olfactory
a sensory observation; ground movement is felt
tactiel
what are the two types of volcano?
stratovolcano and shield volcano
a type of volcano that has a low profile which resembles a warrior’s shield, low lava viscosity, described as having a gentle effusive eruptions
shield volcanoes
a volcano located on mars
olympus mons
what type of volcano is olympus mons
shield volcano
volcanoes found in hawaii
mauna loa, and mauna kea
what type of volcanoes are mauna loa and mauna kea ?
shield volcano
also known as a composite volcano
stratovolcano
high lava viscosity; known for its eruptive explosion
strato volcano
characterized by having a high steep profile, with summit crater
stratovolcano
a volcano that is in the philippines and its type
mt mayon, a stratovolcano
a volcano that is in the USA and its type is
augustine volcano, a stratovolcano
a volcano that is located in japan and its type is
mount fuji, a stratovolcano
what are the two secondary type volcano?
caldera-type and lava dome
cauldron like; forms because of collapse due to emptying of magma chamber
caldera-type volcanoes
a volcano that is located in hawaii which was technically a shield volcano but now a caldera type
mt killaeu, a caldera-type volcano
a volcano found in the philippines which is a caldera type and was technically a stratovolcano
mount pinatubo
mound-shaped protrusion; slow release of lava but highly viscous; forms inside a caldera volcano
lava dome
a lava dome located in chile
mt chaiten
a lava dome located in peninsula, alaska
mt novarupta
what are the three countermeasures against volcanic disasters?
- monitoring levels
- preparedness guide
- hazard map
what does PDZ mean
permanent danger zone
how many alerts are in the monitoring levels
0 to 5 alerts
