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DRE NOV/DEC 2019 > DRE 3: CNS Stimulants > Flashcards

DRE 3: CNS Stimulants Flashcards

1
Q

Commonly abused stimulants:

A

a. Cocaine (Crack): derived from cocaine hydrochloride
b. Amphetamines: includes prescribed drugs such as Adderall, Dexedrine, and Ritalin
c. Methamphetamine: illegally produced drug, with exception of Desoxyn (treats ADHD and narcolepsy)
d. Caffeine, herbal ecstasy, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and various energy drinks

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2
Q

Subcategories for CNS Stimulants

A

Cocaine, amphetamines and other

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3
Q

What category of drugs do amphetamines antagonize?

A

depressants

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4
Q

Commonly Prescribed Pharmaceutical Amphetamines

A
  1. Dexedrine (dextroamphetamine sulfate)
  2. Adderal (amphetamine)
  3. Benzedrine (amphetamine sulfate)
  4. Desoxyn (methamphetamine hydrochloride)
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5
Q

Commonly Abused Illicit Amphetamines

A
  1. Methamphetamine: white to light brown crystalline powder or clear chunky crystals resembling ice. Base is a liquid.
  2. Most street meth is produced in Clandestine laboratories
  3. Medicinal forms treat narcolepsy and ADHD
  4. Also known as Methedrine and Methamphetamine Hydrochloride
  5. Street names: crank, speed, ice, crystal, meth and water
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6
Q

Examples of Other Simulants:

A
  1. Ritalin: Methylphenidate Hydrochloride
  2. Ephedrine
  3. Cathine and Cathinone
  4. Methcathinone
  5. Energy drinks
  6. OTC: high caffeine drinks to boost athletic performance
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7
Q

Possible Effects of CNS Stimulants:

A
  1. Euphoria
  2. Hyperactivity
  3. Release of inhibitions
  4. Misperception of time and distance
  5. Inability to concentrate
  6. Bruxism
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8
Q

Cocaine Time Factors

A
  1. Smoked: Virtually immediate effects, intense rush, effects 5-10 minutes
  2. Injected: felt within seconds, intense rush, and lasts 5-15 minutes
  3. Snorted (insufflated): felt within 30 seconds, intense rush, and lasts 30-90 minutes
  4. Oral: effects felt in 45-120 minutes, effects within 3-5 minutes, effects are less intense
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9
Q

Methamphetamine Time Factors

A
  1. Injected: similar to methamphetamine. Felt within seconds, high level intensity for 5-30 seconds. May last for up to 12 hours
  2. Smoked: rush is very intense, stays high 4-8 hours, and residual effects remain up to 12 hours
  3. Snorted and orally: onset of effects is delayed, rush I much less intense, but effects last longer.
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10
Q

Overdoes Signs: Cocaine Psychosis or Cocaine Delirium

A
  1. Convulsions, faint or pass into coma
  2. Heartbeat (pulse) increase
  3. Hallucinations may occur
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11
Q

Why is it sometimes difficult for a DRE to obtain evidence of CNS Stimulant influence when examining a Cocaine user?

A

Cocaine, in general, is a fairly fast-acting, but short duration drug. When smoked, the user feels a “rush,” or very intense euphoria, but the effects only continue for 5 – 10 minutes. When injected, the effects begin quickly but generally only last 5 – 15 minutes.

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12
Q

Amphetamines produce the same effects as Cocaine with the exception of _________

A

Anesthesia

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13
Q

Name two CNS Stimulants other than Cocaine or the Amphetamine compounds.

A

Ritalin and Ephedrine, Methcathinone or Cathinone

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14
Q

How do CNS Stimulants usually affect the blood pressure and pulse rate?

A

CNS Stimulants usually elevate both blood pressure and pulse rate.

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15
Q

True or False: A person under the influence of a CNS Stimulant alone usually will not exhibit HGN?

A

True

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16
Q

What is bruxism

A

or False: A person under the influence of a CNS Stimulant alone usually will not exhibit HGN?

17
Q

Name some commonly abused CNS Stimulants

A

Cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamine, caffeine, ephedrine and various energy drinks.

18
Q

Medical uses of Amphetamines

A
  1. ANTGONIZE effects of depressants
  2. Prevent and treat surgical shock
  3. Maintain blood pressure during surgery
  4. Treat Parkinson’s disease
  5. Enhance the action of analgesic drugs
19
Q

Commonly Prescribed Pharmaceutical Amphetamines

A
  1. Dexedrine (dextroamphetamine sulfate)
  2. Adderal (amphetamine)
  3. Benzedrine (amphetamine sulfate)
  4. Desoxyn (methamphetamine hydrochloride)
20
Q

Street names for methamphetamines

A

crank, speed, ice, crystal, meth and water

21
Q

Name some ‘other’ stimulants

A
  1. Ritalin: Methylphenidate Hydrochloride
  2. Ephedrine
  3. Cathine and Cathinone
  4. Methcathinone
  5. Energy drinks
  6. OTC: high caffeine drinks to boost athletic performance
22
Q

Possible effects of CNS Stimulants

A
  1. Euphoria
  2. Hyperactivity
  3. Release of inhibitions
  4. Misperception of time and distance
  5. Inability to concentrate
  6. Bruxism
23
Q

Cocaine time factors

A
  1. Smoked: Virtually immediate effects, intense rush, effects 5-10 minutes
  2. Injected: felt within seconds, intense rush, and lasts 5-15 minutes
  3. Snorted (insufflated): felt within 30 seconds, intense rush, and lasts 30-90 minutes
  4. Oral: effects felt in 45-120 minutes, effects within 3-5 minutes, effects are less intense
24
Q

Methamphetamine time factors

A
  1. Injected: similar to methamphetamine. Felt within seconds, high level intensity for 5-30 seconds. May last for up to 12 hours
  2. Smoked: rush is very intense, stays high 4-8 hours, and residual effects remain up to 12 hours
  3. Snorted and orally: onset of effects is delayed, rush I much less intense, but effects last longer.
25
1. Why is it sometimes difficult for a DRE to obtain evidence of CNS Stimulant influence when examining a Cocaine user?
Cocaine, in general, is a fairly fast-acting, but short duration drug. When smoked, the user feels a “rush,” or very intense euphoria, but the effects only continue for 5 – 10 minutes. When injected, the effects begin quickly but generally only last 5 – 15 minutes.
26
2. Amphetamines produce the same effects as Cocaine with the exception of _________
Anesthesia
27
3. Name two CNS Stimulants other than Cocaine or the Amphetamine compounds.
Ritalin and Ephedrine, Methcathinone or Cathinone
28
4. How do CNS Stimulants usually affect the blood pressure and pulse rate?
CNS Stimulants usually elevate both blood pressure and pulse rate.
29
5. True or False: A person under the influence of a CNS Stimulant alone usually will not exhibit HGN?
True
30
Define Bruxism
Grinding the teeth. This behavior is often seen in persons who are under the influence of Cocaine or other CNS Stimulants.

DRE NOV/DEC 2019 (18 decks)

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