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DRE NOV/DEC 2019 > DRE 3: CNS Stimulants > Flashcards

DRE 3: CNS Stimulants Flashcards

1
Q

Commonly abused stimulants:

A

a. Cocaine (Crack): derived from cocaine hydrochloride
b. Amphetamines: includes prescribed drugs such as Adderall, Dexedrine, and Ritalin
c. Methamphetamine: illegally produced drug, with exception of Desoxyn (treats ADHD and narcolepsy)
d. Caffeine, herbal ecstasy, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and various energy drinks

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2
Q

Subcategories for CNS Stimulants

A

Cocaine, amphetamines and other

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3
Q

What category of drugs do amphetamines antagonize?

A

depressants

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4
Q

Commonly Prescribed Pharmaceutical Amphetamines

A
  1. Dexedrine (dextroamphetamine sulfate)
  2. Adderal (amphetamine)
  3. Benzedrine (amphetamine sulfate)
  4. Desoxyn (methamphetamine hydrochloride)
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5
Q

Commonly Abused Illicit Amphetamines

A
  1. Methamphetamine: white to light brown crystalline powder or clear chunky crystals resembling ice. Base is a liquid.
  2. Most street meth is produced in Clandestine laboratories
  3. Medicinal forms treat narcolepsy and ADHD
  4. Also known as Methedrine and Methamphetamine Hydrochloride
  5. Street names: crank, speed, ice, crystal, meth and water
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6
Q

Examples of Other Simulants:

A
  1. Ritalin: Methylphenidate Hydrochloride
  2. Ephedrine
  3. Cathine and Cathinone
  4. Methcathinone
  5. Energy drinks
  6. OTC: high caffeine drinks to boost athletic performance
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7
Q

Possible Effects of CNS Stimulants:

A
  1. Euphoria
  2. Hyperactivity
  3. Release of inhibitions
  4. Misperception of time and distance
  5. Inability to concentrate
  6. Bruxism
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8
Q

Cocaine Time Factors

A
  1. Smoked: Virtually immediate effects, intense rush, effects 5-10 minutes
  2. Injected: felt within seconds, intense rush, and lasts 5-15 minutes
  3. Snorted (insufflated): felt within 30 seconds, intense rush, and lasts 30-90 minutes
  4. Oral: effects felt in 45-120 minutes, effects within 3-5 minutes, effects are less intense
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9
Q

Methamphetamine Time Factors

A
  1. Injected: similar to methamphetamine. Felt within seconds, high level intensity for 5-30 seconds. May last for up to 12 hours
  2. Smoked: rush is very intense, stays high 4-8 hours, and residual effects remain up to 12 hours
  3. Snorted and orally: onset of effects is delayed, rush I much less intense, but effects last longer.
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10
Q

Overdoes Signs: Cocaine Psychosis or Cocaine Delirium

A
  1. Convulsions, faint or pass into coma
  2. Heartbeat (pulse) increase
  3. Hallucinations may occur
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11
Q

Why is it sometimes difficult for a DRE to obtain evidence of CNS Stimulant influence when examining a Cocaine user?

A

Cocaine, in general, is a fairly fast-acting, but short duration drug. When smoked, the user feels a “rush,” or very intense euphoria, but the effects only continue for 5 – 10 minutes. When injected, the effects begin quickly but generally only last 5 – 15 minutes.

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12
Q

Amphetamines produce the same effects as Cocaine with the exception of _________

A

Anesthesia

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13
Q

Name two CNS Stimulants other than Cocaine or the Amphetamine compounds.

A

Ritalin and Ephedrine, Methcathinone or Cathinone

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14
Q

How do CNS Stimulants usually affect the blood pressure and pulse rate?

A

CNS Stimulants usually elevate both blood pressure and pulse rate.

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15
Q

True or False: A person under the influence of a CNS Stimulant alone usually will not exhibit HGN?

A

True

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16
Q

What is bruxism

A

or False: A person under the influence of a CNS Stimulant alone usually will not exhibit HGN?

17
Q

Name some commonly abused CNS Stimulants

A

Cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamine, caffeine, ephedrine and various energy drinks.

18
Q

Medical uses of Amphetamines

A
  1. ANTGONIZE effects of depressants
  2. Prevent and treat surgical shock
  3. Maintain blood pressure during surgery
  4. Treat Parkinson’s disease
  5. Enhance the action of analgesic drugs
19
Q

Commonly Prescribed Pharmaceutical Amphetamines

A
  1. Dexedrine (dextroamphetamine sulfate)
  2. Adderal (amphetamine)
  3. Benzedrine (amphetamine sulfate)
  4. Desoxyn (methamphetamine hydrochloride)
20
Q

Street names for methamphetamines

A

crank, speed, ice, crystal, meth and water

21
Q

Name some ‘other’ stimulants

A
  1. Ritalin: Methylphenidate Hydrochloride
  2. Ephedrine
  3. Cathine and Cathinone
  4. Methcathinone
  5. Energy drinks
  6. OTC: high caffeine drinks to boost athletic performance
22
Q

Possible effects of CNS Stimulants

A
  1. Euphoria
  2. Hyperactivity
  3. Release of inhibitions
  4. Misperception of time and distance
  5. Inability to concentrate
  6. Bruxism
23
Q

Cocaine time factors

A
  1. Smoked: Virtually immediate effects, intense rush, effects 5-10 minutes
  2. Injected: felt within seconds, intense rush, and lasts 5-15 minutes
  3. Snorted (insufflated): felt within 30 seconds, intense rush, and lasts 30-90 minutes
  4. Oral: effects felt in 45-120 minutes, effects within 3-5 minutes, effects are less intense
24
Q

Methamphetamine time factors

A
  1. Injected: similar to methamphetamine. Felt within seconds, high level intensity for 5-30 seconds. May last for up to 12 hours
  2. Smoked: rush is very intense, stays high 4-8 hours, and residual effects remain up to 12 hours
  3. Snorted and orally: onset of effects is delayed, rush I much less intense, but effects last longer.
25
Q
  1. Why is it sometimes difficult for a DRE to obtain evidence of CNS Stimulant influence when examining a Cocaine user?
A

Cocaine, in general, is a fairly fast-acting, but short duration drug. When smoked, the user feels a “rush,” or very intense euphoria, but the effects only continue for 5 – 10 minutes. When injected, the effects begin quickly but generally only last 5 – 15 minutes.

26
Q
  1. Amphetamines produce the same effects as Cocaine with the exception of _________
A

Anesthesia

27
Q
  1. Name two CNS Stimulants other than Cocaine or the Amphetamine compounds.
A

Ritalin and Ephedrine, Methcathinone or Cathinone

28
Q
  1. How do CNS Stimulants usually affect the blood pressure and pulse rate?
A

CNS Stimulants usually elevate both blood pressure and pulse rate.

29
Q
  1. True or False: A person under the influence of a CNS Stimulant alone usually will not exhibit HGN?
A

True

30
Q

Define Bruxism

A

Grinding the teeth. This behavior is often seen in persons who are under the influence of Cocaine or other CNS Stimulants.

DRE NOV/DEC 2019 (18 decks)

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