DRE 2: CNS Depressants Flashcards
1
Q
What is Chloral Hydrate?
A
- Developed in 1832 and utilized clinically in 1869
- Derived from alcohol
- Sedative used in short-term treatment of insomnia and to relieve anxiety and induce sleep before surgery.
- “Notec” is a registered brand name of Chloral Hydrate.
2
Q
Major Sub-Categories of CNS Depressants
A
- barbiturates
- non-barbiturates
- anti-anxiety tranquilizers
- Antidepressants
3
Q
Clues on how to recognize what category drugs fall under:
A
- Ending in ‘barbital’ is indicative of a barbiturate
- Ending in ‘pams’ or ‘lams’ are indicative of antianxiety tranquilizers
- Ending in ‘pines’ are indicative of antidepressants
4
Q
Examples of non-barbiturates
A
Xyram (GHB), Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), Zopiclone (Lunesta)
5
Q
Examples of anti-anxiety tranquilizers
A
Xanax or Niravam
6
Q
Methods of Ingestion
A
- Orally – most common and easiest method
- Insufflation – slow but long lasting
- Injection – experience is a “flash” or “rush”
7
Q
Possible effects of CNS Depressants
A
- Reduced inhibitions
- Divided attention impairment
- Slowed reflexes
- Impaired judgement and concentration
- Impaired vision
- Lack of coordination
- Slurred, mumbled, or incoherent speech
- Emotional instability
8
Q
Overdose Signs and Symptoms
A
- Drowsiness or pass out
- Heartbeat will be rapid and weak
- Respiration will be shallow
- Skin may feel cold and clammy
9
Q
Expected Results of Evaluation: CNS Depressants for HGN, VGN, LOC
A
- HGN: Present
- VGN: Present (high dose for that individual)
- LOC: Present