Drama

Question 1

When satirical comedy is extended to extremes, wherein the comedic occurrences are grotesque or terrible.

Answer 1

Black Comedy

Question 2

Meaning tragic insight or recognition, this is a moment of realization by a tragic hero or heroine that he or she has become enmeshed in a “web of fate.”

Answer 2

Anagnorisis

Question 3

This is often called a “tragic flaw,” but is better described as a tragic error. It is an archery term meaning a shot missing the bull’s eye, used here as a metaphor for a mistake—often a simple one—which results in catastrophe.

Answer 3

Hamartia

Question 4

While often called “pride,” this is actually translated as “violent transgression,” and signifies an arrogant overstepping of moral or cultural bounds—the sin of the tragic hero who over-presumes or over-aspires.

Answer 4

Hubris

Question 5

translated as “retribution,” this represents the cosmic punishment or payback that the tragic hero ultimately receives for committing hubristic acts.

Answer 5

Nemesis

Question 6

Literally “turning,” this is a plot reversal consisting of a tragic hero’s pivotal action, which changes his or her status from safe to endangered.

Answer 6

Peripateia

Question 7

proposed a different theory of tragedy than Aristotle (384-322 BC), which was also very influential. Whereas Aristotle’s criteria involved character and plot, this author defined tragedy as a dynamic conflict of opposite forces or rights.

Answer 7

HEGEL’S THEORY OF TRAGEDY

Hegel theorized that a tragedy must involve some circumstance in which two values, or two rights, are fatally at odds with one another and conflict directly. Hegel did not view this as good triumphing over evil, or evil winning out over good, but rather as one good fighting against another good unto death. He saw this conflict of two goods as truly tragic.

Question 8

the beginning of the story and generally takes place before the rising action begins. The purpose of this is to give the reader context for the story, which the author may do by introducing one or more characters, describing the setting or world, or explaining the events leading up to the point where the story begins.

Answer 8

exposition

Question 9

at the beginning of the story and generally takes place before the rising action begins. The purpose of this is to give the reader context for the story, which the author may do by introducing one or more characters, describing the setting or world, or explaining the events leading up to the point where the story begins.

Answer 9

exposition

Question 10

A major type of internal conflict is some inner personal battle

Answer 10

Man versus self

Question 11

part of the story where conflict intensifies

Answer 11

Rising action

Question 12

The rising action begins with an event that prompts the main conflict of the story

Answer 12

Inciting incident

Question 13

the event in the narrative that marks the height of the story’s conflict or tension

Answer 13

Climax

Question 14

Once the conflict and climax are complete this occurs. shows what happens in the story between the climax and the resolution.

Answer 14

Falling action

Question 15

central idea demonstrated by a passage.

Answer 15

Theme

Question 16

perspective from which a passage is told

Answer 16

Point of view

Question 17

authors refer to each character by using he or she

Answer 17

Third person

Question 18

narrator is not a character in the story and tells the story of all of the characters at the same time.

Answer 18

third-person omniscient

Question 19

narratives that let narrators express inner feelings and thoughts, especially when the narrator is the protagonist as Lemuel Gulliver is in Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels.

Answer 19

First-person narratives

Question 20

When a narrator reports others’ narratives

Answer 20

Frame narrators

Question 21

This address is very commonplace in popular song lyrics, it is the least used form of narrative voice in literary works.

Answer 21

Second person narration

Question 22

This narration is the most prevalent type, as it allows authors the most flexibility. It is so common that readers simply assume without needing to be informed that the narrator is not a character in the story, or involved in its events.

Answer 22

Third-person narration

Question 23

most often included in stories according to which characters are being described.

Answer 23

Third-person singular and plural

Question 24

narration that does not include what the characters described are thinking or feeling

Answer 24

Objective third-person narration

Question 25

Type of third-person narration that tells what the characters described are thinking or feeling

Answer 25

subjective third-person narration

Question 26

narrator knows everything about all characters, including their thoughts and emotions, and all related places, times, and events.

Answer 26

third-person omniscient

Question 27

Type of third-person narration where the narrator may know everything about a particular character, but is limited to that character. In other words, the narrator cannot speak about anything that character does not know.

Answer 27

third-person limited

Question 28

Authors use sentence structure, to make their texts unique, convey their own writing style, and sometimes to make a point or emphasis. This is called what?

Answer 28

Syntax

Question 29

story’s atmosphere, or the feelings the reader gets from reading it.

Answer 29

Mood

Question 30

describes a series of words beginning with the same sounds

Answer 30

Alliteration

Question 31

Type of figurative language describing a non-human thing, like an animal or an object, as if it were human

Answer 31

Personification

Question 32

stated comparisons using “like” or “as.”

Answer 32

Simile

Question 33

type of figurative language in which the writer equates something with another thing that is not particularly similar, instead of using like or as.

Answer 33

Metaphor

Question 34

naming one thing with words or phrases of a closely related thing

Answer 34

Metonymy

This is similar to metaphor. However, the comparison has a close connection, unlike metaphor. An example of metonymy is to call the news media the press. Of course, the press is the machine that prints newspapers. Metonymy is a way of naming something without using the same name constantly.

Question 35

points to the whole by naming one of the parts. An example would be calling a construction worker a hard hat.

Answer 35

synecdoche

Like metonymy, synecdoche is an easy way of naming something without having to overuse a name. The device allows writers to highlight pieces of the thing being described. For example, referring to businessmen as suits suggests professionalism and unity.

Question 36

create comparisons, and often take the form of similes or metaphors. They are are always phrases and are understood to have a meaning that is different from its individual words’ literal meaning

Answer 36

Idiom

Question 37

an uncited but recognizable reference to something else.

Answer 37

allusion

For example, an author may allude to a very important text in order to make his own text seem more important. Martin Luther King, Jr. started his “I Have a Dream” speech by saying “Five score years ago…” This is a clear allusion to President Abraham Lincoln’s “Gettysburg Address” and served to remind people of the significance of the event.

Question 38

how the author arranges and sequences events—which may be chronological or not.

Answer 38

Discourse

Story is imaginary; discourse is words on the page. Discourse allows a story to be told in different ways