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Derm > Dr. Vishy - Immune Skin Conditions > Flashcards

Dr. Vishy - Immune Skin Conditions Flashcards

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1
Q

Skin Layers Mnemonic (top to bottom):

  • Californians
  • Like
  • Girls (in)
  • String
  • Bikinis
A

Stratum Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basalis

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2
Q

Glycoprotein desmosome glue

A

Desmogleins (1 and 3)

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3
Q

Superficial desmoglein

A

Desmoglein 1

*the other one’s the other one

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4
Q

Proteins in hemidesmosomes

A

Bullous pemphigoid antigen (BPA1&2)

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5
Q

Connects keratinocytes of stratum basale to basement membrane

A

Hemidesmosomes

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6
Q

Dendritic cells in dermis is called

A

Dermal DCs

*DC = dendritic cell

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7
Q

DC in epidermis is called

A

Langerhans cell

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8
Q

molecular wt for BPAg1

A

230

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9
Q

molecular wt for BPAg2

A

180

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10
Q

Important protein for keeping epidermal skin barrier intact. Also helps terminal differentiation of epidermis.

A

Filaggrin

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11
Q

EXTRAcellular antigens are conjugated to which major histocompatibility class within dendritic cells?

A

MHC ClassII

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12
Q

Antigens broken down by proteosomes are attached to which intracellular protein on its way to the endoplasmic reticulum?

A

TAP proteins

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13
Q

Within the endoplasmic reticulum, viral antigens are attached to MHC class I and the entire complex is then presented to

A

CD8 (cytotoxic Tcells)

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14
Q

Which signal pushes Tcells to become effector cells?

A

Signal 2

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15
Q

Mutation of this protein can leave epidermis susceptible to infection

A

Filaggrin

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16
Q

Homeostasis mechanism to “turn off Tcells”

A

CD 80/86 of APC bound to CTLA4 of Tcell

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17
Q

During antigen recognition, IL-12 pushes Tcells to become

A

TH1 subset

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18
Q

These T helper cells do the following

  • Aid in cell immunity
  • Secrete IL-2 and IFN-gamma
A

Th1

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19
Q

These T helper cells do the following

  • Aid B cells to produce Abs
  • Secrete IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10
A

Th2

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20
Q

During antigen recognition, IL-10 pushes Tcells to become

A

TH2 subset

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21
Q

Which signal involves “polarizing cytokines” during antigen recognition?

A

Signal 3

*cytokines push Tcells to TH1 or TH2

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22
Q

Released by Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and generates transmembrane pores in target cells

A

Perforins

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23
Q

Released by CTLs and induce apoptosis inside cytosol of target cells

A

Granzymes

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24
Q

Apoptotic signal of membrane bound molecule of target cells

A

Fas

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25
Q

This ligand is on CTL cell surface and binds Fas on target cells

A

Fas ligand

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26
Q

Inflammatory DCs

  • very good at migration
  • very good at antigen presenting
A

IDECs

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27
Q

DCs that present Type I interferons

A

Plasmacytoid DCs

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28
Q

Type I interferons

A

Interferon alpha

Interferon beta

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29
Q

These interferons protect against viral infection

A

Type I interferons

alpha, beta

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30
Q

These are like basophils, but are present in DERMIS and cross link with IgE

A

Mast cells

  • have Fc epsilon Receptors for IgE
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31
Q

Name the Hypersensitivity Type:

Immediate/Anaphylactic

  • IgE
  • allergy
  • Mast cells/ Basophils
A

Type I

*seconds-mins

32
Q

Name the Hypersensitivity Type:

-Immune Complex mediated

A

Type III

33
Q

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity

A

Type IV

34
Q

Which Hypersensitivity is antibody-mediated cytotoxic?

A

Type II

35
Q

Hypersensitivity reaction involving IgM and IgG, resulting in complement activation and cell rupture

A

Type II

36
Q

Basophils are like mast cells and travel in the

A

Blood

37
Q

Hypersensitivity Reaction in which Abs bind to soluble antigen and forming immune complexes

A

Type III

38
Q

Urticaria has pale center and raised red edges caused by histamine release. Which Hypersensitivity reaction is urticaria?

A

Type I

39
Q

Type I Hypersensitivity reaction involving defective FILAGGRIN

A

Atopic dermatitis

40
Q

With atopic dermatitis, which stage involves INF gamma and viral infection?

A

Chronic

41
Q

During the chronic stage of atopic dermatitis, what DC type is low, leading to susceptibility to viral infection?

A

Plasmacytoid DCs

42
Q

With atopic dermatitis, which stage involves rashes and bacterial infection?

A

Acute

43
Q

During chronic atopic dermatitis which interferon is present and which Tcell subset is dominant?

A

IL-10 and TH2

44
Q

T cell homing antigen important during atopic dermatitis

A

(CLA) Cutaneous lymphocyte associated antigen

45
Q

Which hypersensitivity?

  • GOODPASTURE’s
  • Pemphigus foliaceus
  • Bullous pemphigoid
  • Linear IgA Dz
A

Type II

46
Q

During acute atopic dermatitis, which interferon is present ad which Tcell subset is dominant?

A

IL-12 and TH1

47
Q
  • IgG
  • Autoantibody
  • Desmoglein 3
  • Ashkenazi Jews
A

Pemphigus vulgaris

48
Q

Deeper Desmoglein

A

3

49
Q

Deep blisters in skin and mouth

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

-can cause death

50
Q
  • Looks worse than pemphigus vulgaris, but it’s not
  • IgG
  • Autoantibody
  • Desmoglein 1
A

Pemphigus foliaceus

51
Q
  • Auto antibodies to BPAg1 & 2
  • IgG
  • No acantholysis
A

Bullous Pemphigoid

52
Q

Acantholysis

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

53
Q

Desmoglein 1 and NO ACANTHOLYSIS

A

Pemphigus foliaceus

54
Q

Autoantibodies from IgA class specific to BPAg2

A

Linear Immunoglobulin A Disease

55
Q
  • IgA
  • HLA: A1, B8, DR3, DQ2
  • Gluten
A

Dermatitis herpetiformis

*IgA

56
Q

Which Hypersensitivity type?

Dermatitis herpetiformis and SLE

A

Type III

57
Q

Garbage DNA and histones trigger which Disease?

A

SLE

58
Q

15mm TB induration

A

low risk individuals

59
Q

10 mm TB induration

A

risk groups and researchers

60
Q

5 mm TB induration

A

HIV

61
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is contact dermatitis?

A

Type IV

62
Q

These skin conditions caused by which hypersensitivity reaction?

  • Erythema multiform minor and major
  • Steven-Johnson
  • Toxic epidermal necrolysis
A

Type IV

63
Q

Rashes on the extremities caused by autoimmune attack of keratinocytes by CD8+

-mycoplasma or HSV

A

Erythema multiform minor

64
Q

Rashes on the extremities caused by autoimmune attack of keratinocytes and effecting mucous membranes

A

Erythema multiform major

65
Q

Blisters on less than 10% of body surface

-usually trunk, mucosa

A

Steven-Johnson Syndrome

66
Q

Life threatening blisters on more than 10% body surface. Hospitalized like burn victim

A

Toxic epidermal necrolysis

67
Q
  • Scleroderma

- Psoriasis

A

Autoimmune skin diseases

68
Q

Systemic proliferation of fibroblasts

A

Scleroderma

69
Q

Hyper proliferation of keratinocytes

A

Psoriasis

70
Q

Collagen in the blood vessels causing red, white, blue fingertips

A

Scleroderma

71
Q

Fibrosis in GI tract = peritonitis

Fibrosis at heart = pericarditis

Fibrosis in lungs

A

Scleroderma

72
Q

Over activation of Tcell subtypes in skin by either

  • superantigens OR
  • lack of CTLA-4 (Tcell brakes)
A

Psoriasis

73
Q

Which skin dz has biphasic Tcell responses during acute and chronic stages?

A

Atopic dermatitis

74
Q

60y/o male complains of hemoptysis and hematuria. Lab test confirm presence of antibodies against glomerular basement membrane protein. What’s his disease?

A

Goodpasture’s

75
Q

Which one is Type I?

a. Pemphigus vulgaris
b. Pemphigus foliaceus
c. Goodpasture’s
d. Dermatitis herpetiformis
e. Atopic dermatitis

A

Atopic dermatitis

76
Q

A person has blisters all over body and tests positive for desmoglein 1 autoantibodies. What’s his disease?

A

Pemphigus foliaceus

Derm (10 decks)

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