Double-loop Learning Flashcards
Who developed the concepts of single-loop and double-loop learning?
Chris Argyris.
When were the concepts of single-loop and double-loop learning introduced?
In the 1970s and 1980s, especially through Argyris’ collaboration with Donald Schön.
What field of study are these learning concepts most associated with?
Organisational learning and behavioural science.
What is single-loop learning?
A process where errors are corrected without questioning underlying assumptions or values.
What is an example of single-loop learning?
A manager shortens deadlines to fix delays without examining the root cause of missed deadlines.
What is double-loop learning?
A deeper process where individuals or organisations question and change their underlying assumptions and values.
What is an example of double-loop learning?
A manager investigates whether unrealistic deadlines or poor workload balance are causing missed deadlines.
What is the main difference between single- and double-loop learning?
Single-loop changes actions; double-loop changes thinking.
Which type of learning leads to deeper and more sustainable change?
Double-loop learning.
In single-loop learning, what remains unchanged?
Underlying values, goals, or policies.
In double-loop learning, what gets questioned?
The assumptions and values behind goals and actions.
What metaphor is commonly used to describe single-loop learning?
A thermostat adjusting temperature to a fixed setting.
What metaphor is used for double-loop learning?
Questioning whether the temperature setting itself is appropriate.
