DONE: Neuromuscular Disorders: Amyrotrophic Lateral Sclerosis & Parkinson's Disease & Multiple Sclerosis

Question 0

They may want to eat alone because they have difficulty swallowing and can’t control their saliva so they may feel embarrassed eating in front of others. What neurological disorder is this?

Answer 0

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 1

This is a neurodegenerative disease, the patient’s nerve cells are damaged or killed. The nerve cells affected by this disease are motor neurons. This patient will have difficulty moving. What neurological disorder is this?

Answer 1

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / ALS

Question 2

Care of the patient is multidimensional. This will include an interdisciplinary team of speech therapists, nutritionists, and respiratory therapists they will need full time nursing care towards the last part of their lives. This is all the nurse can do because there is no way to reverse this neurological disorder. This is the nursing intervention that is implemented to treat what type of neurological disorder?

Answer 2

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / ALS

Question 3

Finish the Nursing Diagnosis related to Parkinson’s Disease?

Impaired Physical Mobility R/T

Answer 3

???-safety is a big issue

Question 4

Why is it necessary to refer a patient with Parkinson’s Disease to PT/OT?

Answer 4

To help them with proper usage of adaptive equipment and develop individualized diversional activities.

Question 5

Assess neurological status:
Are they alert and oriented?
Assess for any signs of dementia.
This nursing intervention is implemented during what type of neurological disorder?

Answer 5

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 6

This is a degenerative disease characterized by the slowness in the initiation and execution of movements; these patient’s move VERY slowly, increased muscle tone so they have stiffness, resting tremor (classic symptom), and impaired postural reflexes. What neurological disorder is this?

Answer 6

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 7

What is another name for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?

Answer 7

ALS or Lou Gehrig’s Disease

Question 8

Finish the Nursing Diagnosis related to Parkinson’s Disease?

Altered mobility??? R/T

Answer 8

???

Study Tip: We want to maintain muscle function by encouraging range of motion and activity.

Question 9

Fluid intake 2000 mL/day. for hydration and preventing constipation, ask them how often they go some go every other day others 3x a day.
This nursing intervention is implemented during what type of neurological disorder?

Answer 9

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 10

Monitor for constipation.
Promote independence.
Avoid rushing the client.
Administer medications.
Assess the patient’s ability to swallow and chew.
These nursing assessment interventions are implemented during what type of neurological disorder?

Answer 10

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 11

This disease doesn’t affect OTHER MUSCLES LIKE the heart or the GI and the patient’s brain is alert, but they cannot move their muscles. This patient is trapped inside their own body.
What neurological disorder is this?

Answer 11

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / ALS

Question 12

Heat is really bad for patient’s with _______.

Answer 12

Multiple Sclerosis

Study Tip: Imagine during AZ summers

Question 13

Diet:
High calorie
High protein
High fiber
Small frequent feedings.
This nursing intervention is implemented during what type of neurological disorder?

Answer 13

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 14

What is an Electromyography (EMG)?

Answer 14

This is a test that checks the health of the muscles and the nerves that control the muscles. The health care provider will insert a very thin needle electrode through the skin into the muscle. The electrode on the needle picks up the electrical activity given off by your muscles.

Question 15

_________ progresses rapidly and death is usually from a respiratory infection emotional support is offered to the family because it can be a severe and emotional burden that is also time consuming.

Answer 15

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / ALS

Question 16

Finish the Nursing Diagnosis related to Parkinson’s Disease?

Altered Body Image R/T

Answer 16

???
Want to help them with a positive self-image by helping them to set realistic goals and find some diversionalized activities that they would enjoy.

Question 17

Nobody knows what causes this neurological disorder also there is NO CURE AND NO TREATMENT.
What neurological disorder is this?

Answer 17

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / ALS

Question 18

Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is made by what diagnostic test?

Answer 18

Electromyography (EMG) is a test that checks the health of the muscles and the nerves that control the muscles. The health care provider will insert a very thin needle electrode through the skin into the muscle. The electrode on the needle picks up the electrical activity given off by your muscles.

Question 19

Muscle rigidity
Ex. Cog Wheel Rigidity
These are clinical manifestations of what neurological disorder?

Answer 19

Parkinson’s Disease
Study Tip: Imagine a robot or machine that has gears that they jerk along, someone that can’t put a shift a car very well.

Question 20

Muscle tissue decreases, the patient wastes away, the earliest signs of this disorder is weakness in the arms and legs and it is usually more OBVIOUS on one side or the other, respiratory problems will occur due to skeletal muscles being affected and may end up on a ventilator for the rest of their lives. Using a ventilator to oxygenate a patient with this disorder doesn’t halt the disease it just keeps them breathing longer, towards the end of the disease the patient may be able to communicate ONLY by blinking their eyes or by a computer assisted device.
What neurological disorder is this?

Answer 20

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / ALS

Question 21

Most cases of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis occur in people between the ages of ______, men are more likely to develop this disease than women, half of all patients life expectancy is 3 years from diagnosis to death is estimated at 3 years, ____ of all patients die in less than 5 years, ____ live more than 8 years.

Answer 21

40-70
80%
10%

Question 22

Resting Tremor is a classic sign of what neurological disorder?

Answer 22

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 23

There is NO known cause of this neurological disorder some people believe that genetics may play a role, maybe a virus can be a precipitating factor like ______ has a positive relationship to the diagnosis of this disease. This could possibly be caused by the environment could be related to ______ deficiency while baby was in utero.
This is the pathophysiology behind the cause of what neurological disorder?

Answer 23

Epstein Barr Virus
Vitamin D
Multiple Sclerosis

Question 24

Resting tremor
Pill rolling
These are clinical manifestations of what neurological disorder?

Answer 24

Parkinson’s Disease
Study Tip:
Resting Tremor > Handshaking
Pill Rolling > Imagine that you have glue on your fingers and you are trying to get it off so you rub your thumb and forefinger together. This patient will do this all the time.

Question 25

What does bradykinesia mean?

Answer 25

This occurs when a patient has very slow body movements.

Question 26

ASK ARBOGAST? There is a dysfunction of the extrapyramidal system when the patient has what neurological disorder?
What Causes This ?

Answer 26

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 27

ASK ARBOGAST? What 2 kinds of interferon medications are given to a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?

Answer 27

Interferons: SE = flu like symptoms ???
IFN-B1b / Betaseron
IFN-B1a / Rebif

Question 28

After 5 years of diagnosis with _______the patient will lose the ability to swing their arms, develop a resting tremor caused by too much acetylcholine, and they might blink 2-6 times a minute and their skin gets greasy and they get dandruff which is from the acetylcholine why??? ASK ARBOGAST

Answer 28

Parkinson’s Disease

Study Tip: eyes dry out! Must use eye drops

Question 29

ASK ARBOGAST? The nurse should give the patient’s food that is easy to chew.
The nurse should assess the patient’s activity levels and assess what they are able to do independently. Nutrition wise?
These nursing assessment interventions are implemented during what neurological disorder?

Answer 29

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 30

Patient will have a blank expression due to facial muscle rigidity, they will be leaning forward; their speech is slow, slurred and monotonous. What neurological disorder is this?

Answer 30

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 31

ASK ARBOGAST? The nurse will treat any signs of an inflammatory process when the patient has this disease. Some medications administered can decrease the spread of brain lesions? and slow the recurrence of relapses and slows the progression of _________.

Answer 31

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 32

________ is a chronic degenerative disorder; there are NO acute exacerbations, this disorder has a steady downhill progression.

Answer 32

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 33

This patient has a depletion of dopamine producing neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain so there is a disruption of balance between dopamine and acetylcholine. What neurological disorder is this?

Answer 33

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 34

This disorder causes damage to the myelin sheath of the neuron.
This disorder also causes damage to the axon of the neuron.
This is the pathophysiology behind the cause of what neurological disorder?

Answer 34

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 35

Postural instability
They don’t swing their arms when they are walking.
They have difficulty getting started
Stooped posture
Shuffling propulsive gait
These are clinical manifestations of what neurological disorder?

Answer 35

Parkinson’s Disease

Study Tip:
Arms: This patient won’t swing their arms when they are walking > which helps with balance
Slow Start: They have difficulty getting started > we will see a patient sitting in a chair, standing and they need to walk, they just have a hard time getting started moving
Gait: huffling their feet and going really fast, kind of leaning forward they look like they will fall.

Question 36

This disease is caused by sensitized T & B lymphocytes that cross the blood brain barrier and allowing toxins to infiltrate the CNS. This action starts the inflammatory process. This leads to damage to the myelin sheath of the neuron. This is the pathophysiology behind the cause of what neurological disorder?

Answer 36

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 37

Plan your nursing activities for midmorning or afternoon to allow theses patient’s with adequate time to perform their ADL’s in the morning.
This is the nursing intervention that is implemented for a patient with what neurological disorder?

Answer 37

Parkinson’s Disease

Study Tip: DO NOT RUSH THESE PATIENTS

Question 38

Hospitals are adjusting and patient’s can now call and order what they want, they have room service and get it when they want it instead of being regimented this allows the patient to eat small frequent meals and adequate fiber intake.
This nursing intervention is implemented during what type of neurological disorder?

Answer 38

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 39

Finish the Nursing Diagnosis related to Parkinson’s Disease?

Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than body requirements R/T

Answer 39

???
Study Tip: They need to have high calorie, protein foods, foods that are easy to chew, small meals, and give them a lot of time for eating.

Question 40

What does postural instability mean?

Answer 40

This patient has a significant decrease in muscle tone decreased control of movement and increased movement.

Question 41

What are the 4 cardinal clinical manifestations of a patient with Parkinson’s Disease?

Answer 41

Resting Tremor > Hand Shaking / Pill Rolling
Muscle Rigidity > Stiffness
Bradykinesia > Slow Movements
Postural Instability > Leaning Forward

Question 42

Hand shaking is common in what neurological disorder?

Answer 42

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 43

What 3 Muscle Relaxant medications are given to a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?

Answer 43

Diazepam / Valium
Baclofen / Lioresal
Carisoprodol / Soma

Question 44

Bradykinesia
Freezing
Mood swings
Dementia may occur
Impaired memory
Increased Anxiety 
These are clinical manifestations of what neurological disorder?

Answer 44

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 45

What does freezing mean?

Answer 45

This occurs when patient’s with Parkinson’s Disease are walking and they suddenly stop walking out of nowhere and its out of their control.

Question 46

Patient Education:
Maintaining good health.
Avoiding complications like contractures.
Encouraging independence.
This is the nursing intervention that is implemented to educate patient’s with what neurological disorder?

Answer 46

Parkinson’s Disease

Study Tip: These patients get contractures often.

Question 47

Finish the Nursing Diagnosis related to Parkinson’s Disease?

Impaired Verbal Communication R/T

Answer 47

???

Study Tip: Don’t rush them, give them time to tell you what they need to tell you

Question 48

Finish the Nursing Diagnosis related to Parkinson’s Disease?

Risk for Constipation R/T

Answer 48

???

Study Tip: Increase fluid intake and bulk to decrease the risk for constipation.

Question 49

These patient’s eat so slowly and it takes them so long to eat that they lose weight because they can’t eat fast enough to get the nutrition that they need. Monitor them for weight loss. What neurological disorder is this?

Answer 49

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 50

Finish the Nursing Diagnosis related to Parkinson’s Disease?

Deficient Diversional Activity R/T

Answer 50

???

Study Tip: They may not be able to do the things they used to do.

Question 51

Treatment of this disorder includes administering medication to enhance CNS function. What neurological disorder is this?

Answer 51

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 52

What is a diversional activity deficit and how is it treated?

Answer 52

Nursing interventions that could be appropriate for diversional activity deficit include interviewing the patient to assess the current situation and to assist in developing plans for activities that provide interest and stimulation. These activities could include music, games, reading, handwork, or any other pastimes enjoyed by the patient. Patients may need assistance in identifying available resources and motivation to take advantage of the activities they provide.

Study Tip: The patient usually gives subjective evidence that this condition exists by verbalizing a feeling of boredom or stating a desire for something to do or gives objective evidence by acting depressed or restless.

Question 53

Define diversional activities?

Answer 53

Purposeful activity in occupational therapy, tasks, or experiences in which the individual actively participates that require and elicit coordination between the sensory, motor, cognitive, and psychological systems. Each person has a unique set of purposeful activities, influenced by his or her life roles, and, when doing one of them, directs attention to the task itself rather than to the internal processes involved. Activities may yield immediate results or may require sustained effort and repetition, and they may either represent new responses or be part of complex, longstanding patterns of behavior.

Question 54

This is an immune mediated, progressive demyelinating disease of the CNS.
This is the pathophysiology behind the cause of what neurological disorder?

Answer 54

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 55

The word multiple sclerosis means _____.

Answer 55

Many scars.

This is because the myelin sheath becomes scarred by the damage created by the toxins.

Question 56

Myelin destruction of the central nervous system the myelin can be repaired but the axon damage cannot, so there is continual damage to the axon.
This is the pathophysiology behind the cause of what neurological disorder?

Answer 56

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 58

What are the top 5 Clinical Manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis?

Answer 58

#1 Fatigue/ Weakness (85%)/
#2 is walking problems (75%)
#3 urinary and bowel dysfunctions (65%)
#4 pain (60%)
#5 visual distortions (58%)

Question 59

There are NO signs and symptoms but the damage is happening.

This is the pathophysiology behind the cause of what neurological disorder?

Answer 59

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 60

A _______ can be helpful to diagnose this disease because there will be some substances in the CSF that are COMMON in a patient with Multiple Sclerosis.

Answer 60

lumbar puncture

Question 61

A. Normal nerve with the myelin sheath
B. Normal axon
C. Myelin breakdown
D. They myelin is destructed and the axon is not functioning

Answer 61

READ FROM SLIDE 67

Question 62

In normal pathophysiological function there are synthesized T & B lymphocytes these are types of white blood cells that cross the blood-brain barrier. These lymphocytes NORMALLY check the Central Nervous System [Brain and Spinal Cord] for antigens and then they _____ the area and go back across the blood brain barrier.

Answer 62

leave

Study Tip: This does it occur in multiple sclerosis.

Question 63

In the abnormal pathophysiological function that occurs during Multiple Sclerosis the synthesized T-cells _____ in the Central Nervous System [Brain and Spinal Cord] and aid in the infiltration of the CNS by other infectious and toxic agents that damage the myelin sheath and remove it from the axon. ________ will appear on the newly demyelinated areas. Signs and symptoms of this disease in the patient depends on where the plaques are ________ in the brain.

Answer 63

Remain
Plaques
Located

Question 64

The nurse should give medications to ______ the immune system to treat multiple sclerosis because it is the immune system causing the problem.

Answer 64

suppress

Question 65

A scan of a patient with Multiple Sclerosis will have _______ areas on the film pointing out the PLAQUES which is the most COMMON cause of disability related to this disease. The most common disability is _________.

Answer 65

White

Cognitive Impairment

Question 66

ASK ARBOGAST? The _____ causes the blood brain barrier to breakdown and can lead to destruction of brain tissue. Why? This is the pathophysiology behind the cause of what neurological disorder?

Answer 66

plaques

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 67

This autoimmune disorder is more common in women than men. General onset occurs from the age of 20-40. Clinical manifestations differ from patient to patient. This is the risk factors behind the cause of what neurological disorder?

Answer 67

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 68

There is exacerbations and remissions in this disease so they will have good and bad moments, but each subsequent exacerbation is WORSE, when you have a disease with exacerbations and remissions, the exacerbations get worse and remissions are not quite as good so there is a steady downhill progression.
This is the pathophysiology behind the cause of what neurological disorder?

Answer 68

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 69

There is a continual and progressive decline of functioning over several years. They might have blurred vison, double vision, vertigo, ataxia, this might affect the hearing, motor problems, weakness, spasticity in muscles, painful muscles, difficulty swallowing, spastic bladder (might have urinary retention) which they may have to do self-catherizations or they may have to have foleys for the rest of their lives.
This is the pathophysiology behind the cause of what neurological disorder?

Answer 69

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 70

Intellectual functioning remains intact. Emotions may be affected and they will have mood swings, have increased excitability, irritability, but there is no definite diagnostics so they gather all the data which is put together by history and clinical manifestations and say that those are signs of this disease.
This is the pathophysiology behind the cause of what neurological disorder?

Answer 70

Multiple Sclerosis

Study Tip: These are psychosocial symptoms.

Question 71

Since there is ______ cure for Multiple Sclerosis the only treatment is delaying the progression of the disease and the symptoms.

Answer 71

No

Question 72

The nurse will help the patient maintain homeostasis.
The nurse should prevent complications related to this disease.
These nursing assessment interventions are implemented during what neurological disorder?

Answer 72

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 73

What glucocorticoid medication is given to a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?

Answer 73

IV Methylprednisolone

Question 74

The nurse should maintain and monitor for adequate respiratory function. The nurse will want to avoid respiratory stasis to avoid pneumonia.
This nursing assessment intervention is implemented during what neurological disorder?

Answer 74

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 76

Finish the Nursing Diagnosis R/T Multiple Sclerosis?

Impaired Elimination Pattern R/T

Answer 76

Sensory Motor Deficits

Question 77

The nurse should maintain good pulmonary hygiene by promoting ______, ______, and _______ and to get them out of bed if they are able.
This nursing assessment intervention is implemented during what neurological disorder?

Answer 77

Turning, Coughing, and Deep Breathing

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 78

The nurse will put the patient in a sitting position while eating to prevent aspirations when the patient has multiple sclerosis. What is the medical term for this position?

Answer 78

Semi Fowler’s to High Fowler’s

Question 78

The nurse will evaluate the adequacy of the patient’s cough and make sure it is strong enough to clear their airway.
This nursing assessment intervention is implemented during what neurological disorder?

Answer 78

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 79

The nurse will maintain and monitor urinary tract function with increase fluid intake.
This nursing assessment intervention is implemented during what neurological disorder?

Answer 79

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 81

The nurse will evaluate the patient for voiding function.
The nurse should provide good perineal care.
Assess:
Does the patient have urinary retention?
This nursing assessment intervention is implemented during what neurological disorder?

Answer 81

Multiple Sclerosis

Study Tip: If the patient has urinary retention that can lead to a UTI.

Question 81

The nurse will administer Neurontin, Tegretol and Elavil. Topamax or NSAIDs are also given.
These medications are given for what clinical manifestation related to Multiple Sclerosis?

Answer 81

Pain
Study Tip:
Some of these drugs are used for seizures also because some of them have multiple purposes.

Question 82

IMAGE: on slide 69
Picture of a cross section of a brain with a person with MS;
Area P: that is plaque;
Area V: partially remyelinated
Picture on the right: showing area of the brain that has had myelin degeneration and part of the spinal cord that had it .

Answer 82

Go back to this slide

Question 84

The nurse should maintain proper nutrition intake through diet control.
The nurse should evaluate the patient’s coughing and swallowing reflexes.
These nursing assessment interventions are implemented during what neurological disorder?

Answer 84

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 84

ASK ARBOGAST? Finish the Nursing Diagnosis R/T Multiple Sclerosis?
Impaired Physical Mobility R/T

Answer 84

???

Study Tip: This is because they have muscle weakness, paralysis, and spasticity.

Question 85

Finish the Nursing Diagnosis R/T Multiple Sclerosis?

Sexual Dysfunction R/T

Answer 85

Neuromuscular Deficit

Question 86

Ataxia 
Vertigo
Tremors
Spasiticity of LE ???
Parasthesias
Blurred vision
Diplopia
These are clinical manifestations of what neurological disorder?

Answer 86

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 88

Finish the Nursing Diagnosis R/T Multiple Sclerosis?

Interrupted Family Processes R/T

Answer 88

Changing family roles

Ex. If a 30 year old, stay at home woman with 2 kids and she is the one taking them to school and doing all these activities, she may not be able to do that anymore and her spouse or significant other may have to pick up the slack. This can really change things within the family, might cause financial problems, and there will be a fluctuation depending on physical conditions Ex. the good and bad days.

Question 89

Nystagmus
Dysphasia
Bowel/Bladder disturbances Bowel?
Abnormal reflexes
Emotional changes (Depression)
These are clinical manifestations of what neurological disorder?

Answer 89

Multiple Sclerosis

Study Tip: Emotional Changes is Depression. Bladder changes is the bladder shrinks up and becomes hypertonic. They are going to feel like they have to pee all the time and they don’t fully empty their bladder. There are different s/sx in different parts of the body.
What is a common bowel dysfunction that occurs during multiple sclerosis????
The bladder shrinks up and becomes hypertonic. They are going to feel like they have to pee all the time and they don’t fully empty their bladder.

Question 90

ASK ARBOGAST? Protect patient from injury with proper safety measures. What kind?
The nurse will give the patient an eye patch for diplopia.
The nurse will monitor the patient for complications related to the disease process.
These nursing assessment interventions are implemented for what neurological disorder?

Answer 90

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 91

ASK ARBOGAST? The nurse will monitor the patient for regular elimination because they may have difficulties with excretion. R/T spastic bladder. R/T what kind of bowel problem?
This nursing intervention is implemented for what neurological disorder?

Answer 91

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 92

The nurse should encourage patient independence.
The nurse should encourage a regular exercise and rest program.
These nursing interventions are implemented for what neurological disorder?

Answer 92

Multiple Sclerosis

Study Tip: Exercise can improve the daily functioning of patients with this disease if they are not experiencing an exacerbation.

Question 93

During an exacerbation a patient may be on bed rest and they may not be able to get up without assistance. This nursing intervention is implemented for what neurological disorder?

Answer 93

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 94

The nurse should focus on care to prevent the complications of immobility such as respiratory disorders, UTI’s, and pressure ulcers. They are at a much higher risk for these complications because they have this disease. These nursing interventions are implemented for what neurological disorder?

Answer 94

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 95

What kind of immunosuppressant medication is given to a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?

Answer 95

Immunomodulators because they increase the production of T2 suppressor cells. The T2 suppressor cells prevent the body from attacking itself and is given daily by the nurse with a Sub-Q injection.

Question 96

The nurse will assess the patient for the need for assistive devices.
The nurse will refer the patient to PT/OT.
These nursing interventions are implemented for what neurological disorder?

Answer 96

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 97

The nurse will encourage the patient to avoid fatigue, stress, infection, overheating, and chilling

Answer 97

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 99

The nurse should refer the patient to try mega vitamin therapy and change their diet to a raw vegetables, low fat, and gluten free food diet. This dietary nursing intervention is implemented for what neurological disorder?

Answer 99

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 100

Early treatment for Multiple Sclerosis is important even before the patient has technically been diagnosed. A patient very commonly will have ______ before this disease.

Answer 100

Optic Neuritis

Question 101

The nurse will refer the patient to National Multiple Sclerosis groups that help with support and resources. This nursing intervention is implemented for what neurological disorder?

Answer 101

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 102

The nurse will implement the correct administration of medications. This nursing intervention is implemented for what neurological disorder?

Answer 102

Multiple Sclerosis

Study Tip: Administer ON TIME!

Question 103

There is a ______ Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis. The treatment is based on the phase of the disease, the signs and symptoms, and patient tolerance to symptoms and medications.

Answer 103

Complex

Question 104

In this disease there is NO CURE OR TREATMENT. THE NURSE CAN ONLY TRY TO RELIEVE SYMPTOMS OF THE DISEASE. What neurological disorder is this?

Answer 104

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 105

What 3 therapeutic classes of drugs would the nurse administer to a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?

Answer 105

Immunosuppressants
Immunomodulators
Adrenocorticotropic hormones

Study Tip: Immunosuppressants are given because this is an immune disease.

Question 106

What kind of non-interferon medication is given to a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?

Answer 106

Glatiramer Acetate / Capaxone

Question 107

The nurse will administer drugs used to decrease inflammation in CNS [Brain and Spinal Cord] and signs and symptoms of this disorder. This nursing intervention is implemented for what neurological disorder?

Answer 107

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 108

ASK ARBOGAST? Spasticity of the limbs during Multiple Sclerosis is treated with _________ but they might also do surgery and insert a pump in the intrathecal and deliver _______ to decrease electrical stimulation. ???

Answer 108

Baclofen
antispasmodic drugs
Study Tip: Baclofen is an antispasmodic drug.

Question 109

The nurse knows that medications and collaborative care is focused on treating the disease process and providing relief of symptoms in ________.

Answer 109

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 111

There have been findings within the last 5-10 years that people with have optic neuritis that leads to and precedes the diagnosis of __________.

Answer 111

Multiple Sclerosis