Domestic challenges to NP power(1974-83) Flashcards
What did greater engagement of SA with the outside world lead to a socio-political growth in during the 1970s?
How did this affect the 1974 elections for the Progressive Party?
What did the party advocate for?
What did it name itself when the old United Party collapsed in 1974?
What did it become due to this in Parliament?
Despite this why was its impact limited?
(How many seats in 1977?)
What blacklash did this growth in liberalism have?
Who did whites opposed to liberal ideas become associated?
Did they during this time also break from the NP?
-A growth in liberalism particularly among the young.
-This manifested itself into the growth of the Progressive Party from 1-7 MPs in the 1974 elections.
-This party advocated a federal structure for a non-racial SA.
-It renamed itself the Progressive Federalist Party when the old United Party collapsed in 1974.
-This would also mean that the PFP became the official opposition in parliament.
-However, with 17 seatas in 1977 as opposed to the NPs 134, its impact was limited.
-Other whites became more entrenched, opposing any reform. They became associated in particular with Education Minister Treurnicht, although they ddid not at present break away with the NP.
What Parliamentary reform did Vorster advocate for?
What was the aim of this?
What successful election prompted the NP to attempt limited constitutional reform?
Despite this what two internal events disrupted the process?
What year was a Separate President’s Council introduced?
What was this made up of? What did it replace?
What else was proposed but eventually not included?
-PM Vorster advocated reform in giving Indians and coloureds their own parliaments.
-The aim was to isolate black Africans further by bringing these two groups into limited power sharing.
-The government success in the 1977 election emboldened it to attempt limited constitutional reform.
-Although the Muldergate scandal and leadership change interrupted the process.
-By 1981 a separate President’s Council made up of whites, Indians and Coloureds was formed to advise the government, replacing the senate.
-A separate black African Council was also proposed but not included as no blacks were prepared to join it.
How many Bantustans were granted full independence?
Which ones were they & what years?
Were they recognised abroad?
What were they all dependent on SA for?
By 1985 how much of its income did Transkei receive from SA?
-4 Bantustans were granted full independence;
-Transkei in 1976, Bophuthatswana in 1977, Venda in 1979 , Ciskei 1981
-NO. None were recognised by any country other than SA.
-All were dependent on SA for subsidies: none were economically viable.
-1985 Transkei received 85% of its income directly from SA.
In 1986 how many Africans were arrested for pass offences?
Why was less unskilled labour needed?
What jobs were white SA’s having to take up during the poor economic climate?
What happened to Africans in city’s due to the lack of jobs?
-In 1986 almost 200,000 were arrested for pass offences.
-The issue was that with developments in technology and problems in the economy less unskilled labour was needed.
-Indeed poor whites were also forced to take relatively unskilled jobs.
-As a result more Africans found themselves being deported.
Which bantustan came the closest to attaining economic independence?
What was the name of the casino complex it contained?
Who did it mostly attract?
What % of the population however worked outside this bantustan?
-Bophuthatswana.
-This was largely because it contained an entertainment and casino complex, Sun City.
-It became a leisure centre for wealthy, mainly white SA’s as such venues were banned.
-One should not exaggerate the economic impact as 65% of the population worked outside Boputhatswana.
What were Bantustan leaders viewed as by black Africans?
What were Bantustan leaders protected by?
What happened in 1988?(Mangope?)
-Bantustan leaders were largely unpopular and seen as collaborators.
-They were protected by South African forces.
-Hence in 1988 they intervened to restore ‘president for life’ Mangope after an attempted coup.
