Domain D: Antecedent Interventions Flashcards
Antecedent Strategies (e.g., priming, choices, behavior momentum, visual supports, premack principle, environmental modifications)
● Antecedents are events that happen immediately before the behavior ○ Indicate conditions under which the behavior occurs ○ These events “trigger” behavior
Priming
Letting the client know that anon-preferred task/activity is going to be presented (e.g., 5 more minutes until we clean up toys).
Choice
Providing two choices to choose from based off the structured schedule or activity to decrease the likelihood of behavior occurring.
Behavior momentum
When using a high-probability (high-p) request sequence, the teacher presents a series of easy-to-follow requests for which the participant has a history of compliance. when the learner complies with several such high-p requests in sequence, the teacher immediately gives the target request
Visual supports
Utilizing any tool presented visually that supports an individual as he or she moves through the day and are applicable to many skill domains.
Visual supports might include, but are not limited to, pictures, written words, objects within the environment, arrangement of the environment or visual boundaries, schedules, maps, labels, organization systems, timelines, and scripts.
Premack Principle also known as the first/then contingency.
The Premack principle states that making the opportunity to engage in a high-probability behavior contingent on the occurrence of low-frequency behavior will function as reinforcement for the low-frequency behavior.
Environmental modifications
Limiting the environment of reinforcers and distractions including other people, tv/electronics, pets, etc.
Examples include positioning yourself between the client and the door to prevent elopement, clearing the table of extraneous materials to prevent throwing, etc.
Non-contingent Reinforcement Procedures
Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR)is an antecedent intervention in which stimuli with known reinforcing properties are delivered on a fixed-time (FT) or variable-time (VT) schedule independent of the learner’s behavior
Noncontingent reinforcement may effectively diminish problem behaviors because the reinforcers that maintain the problem behavior are available freely and frequently. NCR uses three distinct procedures that identify and deliver stimuli with known reinforcing properties:
(a) positive reinforcement (i.e., social mediation)
(b) negative reinforcement (i.e., escape),
(c) automatic reinforcement (i.e., without social mediation).
Functional Communication Training
Functional communication training (FCT) establishes an appropriate communicative behavior to compete with problem behaviors evoked by an establishing operation (EO).
Functional communication training is an application of differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) because the intervention develops an alternative communicative response as an antecedent to diminish the problem behavior.
Effects of Setting Events
Setting events can effect behaviors during session and can include but are not limited to if the client has slept well, changes in medication, hunger, temperature, etc.
