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Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy > Dogfish > Flashcards

Dogfish Flashcards

1
Q

projects anteriorly, protects pre cerebral cavity

A

rostrum

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2
Q

lateral to base of rostrum

A

nasal capsule

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3
Q

paired openings on surface of nasal capsules

A

nares

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4
Q

dorsal support for eyes

A

ant orbital process, supraorbital crest, postorbital process

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5
Q

supports eyeball, rooted to anterior trigeminal foramen

A

optic pedicle

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6
Q

largest opening in medial orbit wall

A

optic foramen

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7
Q

posteroventral eye support

A

basitrabecular process

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8
Q

several openings in orbital crest

A

superficial ophthalmic foramina

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9
Q

house inner ears

A

otic capsule

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10
Q

wide, flat, ventral part of otic capsules

A

basal plate

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11
Q

large medial opening in occipital region

A

foramen magnum

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12
Q

on either side of foramen magnum, articulate with first vertebra

A

occipital condyle

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13
Q

the most anterior arches, highly modified for jaw articulation

A

mandibular arch, hyoid arch

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14
Q

support interbranchial septa, lie between pharyngeal slits

A

branchial arches

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15
Q

upper jaw, articulates with chondrocranium, has two dorsal projections

A

palatoquadrate cartilage

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16
Q

anterior dorsal projection of palatoquadrate cartilage

A

orbital process

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17
Q

posterior dorsal projection of palatoquadrate cartilage

A

adductor mandibulae process

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18
Q

lower jaw

A

Meckel’s cartilage

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19
Q

dorsal segment of hyoid arch

A

hyomandibular

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20
Q

articulates ventrally with hyomandibular

A

ceratohyal

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21
Q

articulates ventrally with ceratohyals

A

basihyal

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22
Q

the pharyngeal slits in dorsal to ventral order

A

pharyngobranchial, epibranchial, ceratobranchial

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23
Q

ventral completion of branchial arches

A

hypobranchial, basibranchial

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24
Q

inward projections of branchial arches

A

gill raker

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25
Q

thin, outward projections of branchial arches

A

gill ray

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26
Q

large, proximal base of fin (not caudal)

A

basal pterygiophore

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27
Q

series more distally from basal pterygiophore

A

radial pterygiophores

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28
Q

fibrous dermal rays

A

ceratotrichia

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29
Q

anchored anteriorly to basal pterygiophores

A

fin spine

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30
Q

ventral part of pectoral girdle

A

coracoid bar

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31
Q

dorsal portion (past fins) of pectoral girdle

A

scapular process

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32
Q

dorsal pectoral girdle

A

suprascapular cartilage

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33
Q

area of pectoral girdle that associates with fin

A

glenoid surface

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34
Q

single element of pelvic girdle

A

puboischiadic bar

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35
Q

area of articulation with pelvic fin

A

acetabular surface

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36
Q

projection of male pelvic fin associated with reproduction

A

clasper

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37
Q

hourglass shaped vertebral column, houses notochord

A

centrum

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38
Q

forms neural canal

A

neural arch

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39
Q

tips of neural plates that form a low ridge

A

neural spine

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40
Q

side projections coming off of centrum

A

basopophysis

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41
Q

projections of basopophysis

A

rib

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42
Q

plate of cartilage formed on ventral side of centrum

A

hemal arch

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43
Q

space for dorsal artery and ventral vein

A

hemal canal

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44
Q

blind-ended chamber opened through the nares

A

olfactory sac

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45
Q

lies on either side of the mouth

A

labial pocket

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46
Q

flap separating labial pocket and mouth

A

labial fold

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47
Q

large opening into pharynx posterior to each eye

A

spiracle

48
Q

fold of tissue on anterior wall of spiracle

A

spiracular valve

49
Q

reduced gill on posterior surface of spiracular valve

A

pseudobranch

50
Q

separations between external pharyngeal slits

A

interbranchial septa

51
Q

structures injected with red latex that make up the gills

A

gill lamellae

52
Q

chamber into which the urinary, digestive, and reproductive tracts exit

A

cloaca

53
Q

cone-like structure lying in male cloaca at the tip of which open the urinary and genital ducts

A

urogenital papilla

54
Q

cone-like structure in female cloaca at the tip of which opens the urinary duct

A

urinary papilla

55
Q

opening anterior to papilla, exit of digestive tract

A

anus

56
Q

lie to either posterolateral side of the cloaca

A

abdominal pores

57
Q

pale line just dorsal to mid lateral plane

A

lateral line

58
Q

lie dorsally on head between spiracles, openings from balancing apparatus located in otic capsule of chondocranium

A

endolymphatic pores

59
Q

numerous pores all over head, when squeezed secrete gel-like substance, used for electroreception

A

ampullae of lorenzini

60
Q

dorsal musculature

A

Epaxial mm.

61
Q

ventral musculature

A

hypaxial mm.

62
Q

connective tissue sheet dividing hypaxial and epaxial mm.

A

horizontal skeletogenous septum

63
Q

connective tissue dividing left and right myomeres midventrally

A

linea alba

64
Q

lies on dorsal surface of pectoral fin

A

pectoral abductor m.

65
Q

lies on ventral surface of pectoral fin

A

pectoral adductor m.

66
Q

musculature of anterior wall of spiracular valve

A

spiracularis m.

67
Q

muscle anterior to spiracularis

A

levator palaquadrati m.

68
Q

muscle that lies posterior to spiracle extending from otic capsule to hyomandibular, raises hyomandibular during jaw closing

A

levator hyomandibulae m.

69
Q

just posterior to angle of mouth, extends between upper and lower jaws, closes the mouth

A

adductor mandibulae m.

70
Q

lie between adductor mandibular m. and first pharyngeal slit

A

dorsal and ventral hyoid constrictor mm.

71
Q

muscles beween pharyngeal slits

A

dorsal and ventral superficial branchial constrictor mm.

72
Q

triangular muscle, lies dorsal to constrictors

A

cucullaris m.

73
Q

lies dorsal to cucullaris m.

A

epibranchial mm.

74
Q

lies between halves of Meckel’s cartilages, composed of left and right halves that fan outward

A

intermandibularis m.

75
Q

extends between cartilages of ceratohyals, adheres tightly to intermandibularis

A

interhyoideus m.

76
Q

septum between post and pretrematic gill lamellae, has curved fibres, lies lateral to superficial constrictor muscles

A

interbranchial m.

77
Q

pre hyoid group of hypobranchial musculature, long, mid ventral, cylindrical muscle exposed on reflection of interhyoideus and intermandibularis

A

coracomandibular m.

78
Q

deep to coracomandibular, post hyoid group of hypobranchials, elongated and paired

A

coracohyoid m.

79
Q

continuous from posterior end of coracohyoid, lie medially between ventral superficial constrictors and anterior to hypaxial mm.

A

coracoarcual m.

80
Q

a series of five muscles that fan out from the coracoid bar, coracoarcuals and was of pericardial cavity to cerato- and basibranchial cartilages

A

coracobranchial m.

81
Q

floor of oral cavity

A

primary tongue

82
Q

posterior body cavity

A

Pleuroperitoneal cavity

83
Q

division between pericardial and pleuroperitoneal cavities, lies near pectoral girdle

A

transverse septum

84
Q

epithelium that lines the body cavity

A

parietal paritoneum

85
Q

epithelium covering organs

A

visceral peritoneum

86
Q

occupies most of anterior pleuroperitoneal cavity, has right, left, and median lobes

A

liver

87
Q

extends along the right margin of the medial lobe of the liver

A

gall bladder

88
Q

dorsal to the liver, extending anteriorly

A

esophagus

89
Q

finger-like projections of esophagus

A

papillae

90
Q

main part of the stomach

A

body

91
Q

smaller, narrower, posterior part of the stomach which marks separation between stomach and intestine

A

pylorus

92
Q

portion of stomach just posterior to esophagus, bears longitudinal ridges

A

rugae

93
Q

adheres to and almost completely hides the ventral surface of the duodenum

A

pancreas

94
Q

the anterior segment of the intestine

A

duodenum

95
Q

segment of intestine bearing spiral valve

A

valvular intestine

96
Q

internal subdivision of valvular intestine, increasing its effective length

A

spiral valve

97
Q

narrow segment of intestine extending posteriorly from valvular segment

A

colon

98
Q

salt excreting gland close to the colon

A

digitiform gland

99
Q

two narrow strips extending along mid sagittal plane of the dorsal wall of the cavity

A

kidneys

100
Q

mesentery extending to the esophagus and stomach

A

mesogaster

101
Q

ribbon-like strand extending from the liver toward the gut

A

lesser omentum

102
Q

extends between the anteroventral surface of the liver and mid ventral body wall, supports oviduct

A

falciform ligament

103
Q

lesser omentum as a single bundle next to the liver

A

bile duct

104
Q

male gonads, lie dorsal to the liver

A

testis

105
Q

anterior part of the kidney

A

epididymis

106
Q

transports sperm posteriorly for eventual release from the body

A

archinephric duct

107
Q

transports urine from posterior kidney, extends along medial margin of kidney

A

accessory urinary duct

108
Q

straight and expanded region of archinephric duct

A

seminal vesicle

109
Q

small, anteriorly blind ending pouch that lies on ventral surface of seminal vesicle

A

sperm sac

110
Q

lies just deep into the skin on the ventral surface of the pelvic fin, sac-like

A

siphon

111
Q

used for the passage of urine and sperm

A

urogenital papilla

112
Q

female gonads, lie dorsal to the liver

A

ovary

113
Q

lies on the ventral surface of each kidney

A

oviduct

114
Q

anterior oviduct swelling dorsal to the ovary

A

nidamental gland

115
Q

posterior enlargement of oviduct

A

uterus

Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy (18 decks)

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