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Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy > Cat > Flashcards

Cat Flashcards

1
Q

large bone that makes up posterodorsal part of brain case

A

parietal

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2
Q

on either side of the skull, dorsal to the posterior teeth, house eyeballs

A

orbits

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3
Q

cranial wall posterior to each orbit

A

temporal fossa

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4
Q

vantral margin of orbit and fossa

A

zygomatic arch

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5
Q

opening and passageway to inner/middle ear

A

external auditory meatus

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6
Q

hole in posterior surface of the skull through which spinal cord connects to brain

A

foramen magnum

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7
Q

flat region between teeth on ventral side of skull

A

hard palate

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8
Q

two openings of nasal passage in live cat

A

choanae

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9
Q

paired oval and convex regions on posteroventral side of skull

A

tympanic bulla

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10
Q

most anterior paired bones of the skull, form dorsal margins of naris

A

nasal

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11
Q

posterior to nasals, contribute to lateral and dorsal surfaces of skull, most of orbital walls

A

frontal

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12
Q

projects ventrally from each frontal to demarcate posterior region of orbit

A

postorbital process

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13
Q

large bones forming most of the dorsal and lateral parts of the cranium

A

parietal

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14
Q

small bone wedged between posterior ends of parietals

A

interparietal

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15
Q

converging point of temporal lines on posterior of parietal/interparietal

A

sagittal crest

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16
Q

bone that froms skull’s posterior surface

A

occipital

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17
Q

features of occipital bone that articulate with first vertebra

A

occipital condyles

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18
Q

on ventral cranium just posterior to tympanic bulla

A

jugular process

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19
Q

bones that form lateral and ventral margins of nasal aperture

A

premaxilla

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20
Q

larger bones that hold majority of teeth and form most of hard palate in ventral view

A

maxilla

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21
Q

snout, where maxilla, premaxilla, nasal, and frontal bones meet

A

rostrum

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22
Q

small bone on the anterior orbital wall

A

lacrimal

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23
Q

bones that complete the hard palate posteriorly

A

palatine

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24
Q

extension of palatine that extends posteriorly

A

pterygoid

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25
Q

elongated, median, narrow bone lying between pterygoid blades

A

presphenoid

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26
Q

lateral extension of pre sphenoid that is exposed in ventral orbital wall

A

orbitosphenoid

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27
Q

posterior end of the palatine bones in almost centre of ventral surface

A

basisphenoid

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28
Q

lateral, winglike portion of sphenoid

A

alisphenoid

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29
Q

most anterior foramen, lies entirely within orbitosphenoid

A

optic canal

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30
Q

second foramen formed by orbitosphenoid and alisphenoid

A

orbital fissure

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31
Q

third foramen, in alisphenoid

A

foramen rotundum

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32
Q

fourth foramen, in alisphenoid

A

foramen ovale

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33
Q

extends anteriorly from pre sphenoid in nasal cavity

A

vomer

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34
Q

foramina piercing cribriform plate

A

cribriform foramina

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35
Q

squamous, petrous, and tympanic fused together

A

temporal

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36
Q

large flat bones ventral to the parietals that help to complete the lateral wall of the braincase

A

squamosal

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37
Q

petrous portion of temporal, contains inner ear, may be seen through external auditory meatus

A

petrosal

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38
Q

tiny bones of middle ear

A

malleus, incus, stapes

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39
Q

single bone that forms each side of mandible

A

dentary

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40
Q

largest process of mandible, point of insertion for temporal muscle

A

coronoid process

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41
Q

forms lower half of temporomandibular joint, bears facet for articulation with mandibular fossa of temporal bone

A

condyloid process

42
Q

projection of posteroventral part of the dentary

A

angular process

43
Q

teeth of the dentary bone

A

incisor, canine, premolar, molar, carnassial

44
Q

first vertebra

A

atlas

45
Q

second vertebra

A

axis

46
Q

first 7 vertebrae

A

cervical

47
Q

13 vertebrae after cervical, characterized by articulation with ribs

A

thoracic

48
Q

7 vertebrae after thoracic, characterized by large size that increases posteriorly

A

lumbar

49
Q

three vertebrae that are fused together forming the sacrum, links spine to pelvic girdle

A

sacral

50
Q

21-23 of the smallest vertebrae

A

caudal

51
Q

opening on either side of each vertebra allowing passage of spinal nerve

A

intervertebral foramen

52
Q

anteroventral portion of vertebra

A

centrum

53
Q

hole through which spinal cord passes

A

neural canal

54
Q

dorsal projection from each vertebra

A

neural process

55
Q

projects a pedicle on either side of the centrum

A

transverse process

56
Q

forms strong but flexible cage that protects vital organs

A

rib

57
Q

prominent ridge on lateral side of scapula

A

scapular spine

58
Q

ventral endpoint of scapular spine

A

acromion

59
Q

posterior projection of scapular spine dorsal to acromion

A

metacromion

60
Q

smooth concave surface at apex of scapula for articulation with humerus

A

glenoid fossa

61
Q

larger smooth surface on lateral scapula

A

supraspinous fossa

62
Q

smaller smooth surface on lateral scapula

A

infraspinous fossa

63
Q

medial surface of scapula

A

subscapular fossa

64
Q

small, slender nones suspended in musculature associated with forelimb, lying just anterior to proximal end of humerus

A

clavicle

65
Q

proximal bone of the forelimb

A

humerus

66
Q

shorter bone of forearm that widens distally

A

radius

67
Q

longer bone of forearm that tapers distally

A

ulna

68
Q

distal forelimb, carpus, metacarpus, and phalanges

A

manus

69
Q

paired innominate bones that articulate with each other ventrally and with the sacrum dorsally

A

pelvis

70
Q

bone of proximal part of hindlimb

A

femur

71
Q

small tear shaped sesamoid bone

A

patella

72
Q

slender, lateral, shorter bone of middle hindlimb

A

fibia

73
Q

larger and medial bone of the middle segment of the hind limb

A

tibia

74
Q

tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges

A

pes

75
Q

brow and upper cheek, guarding eyes

A

palpebrae

76
Q

third eyelid, lies on medial part of eye

A

nictitating membrane

77
Q

external openings of nose

A

nares

78
Q

region of skin surrounding nares

A

rhinarium

79
Q

whiskers

A

vibrissae

80
Q

proximal forelimb, humerus

A

brachium

81
Q

medial forelimb, radius and ulna

A

antebrachium

82
Q

medial hindlimb, fibia and tibia

A

crus

83
Q

female opening of urinary and reproductive tracts

A

urogenital aperture

84
Q

wide muscle that originates from the lateral region of the fascia and pass anteroventrally, pulls humerus postdorsally

A

latissimus dorsi

85
Q

most posterior trapezius muscle, draws scapula posterodorsally

A

spinotrapezius

86
Q

insertion at scapular spine toward mid dorsal line, pulls scapula toward mid dorsal line

A

acromiotrapezius

87
Q

most anterior trapezius muscle, covers most of neck laterally and pulls scapula anterodorsally, inserts partially on clavicle and partially on clavobrachialis

A

clavotrapezius

88
Q

anterior to clavotrapezius, extends from mastoid process of the skull, inserts on sternum

A

sternomastoid

89
Q

small, anterior, to acromiotrapezius/spinodeltoid, flexor and lateral rotator of humerus

A

acromiodeltoid

90
Q

lies dorsal to acromiodeltoid, passes deep into margin of clavotrapezius

A

levator scapulae ventralis

91
Q

extends anterolaterally from scapular spine arising at insertion of acromiotrapezius

A

spinodeltoid

92
Q

covers the brachium posteriorly and laterally and extend into spinodeltoid

A

long head/lateral head of triceps brachia

93
Q

muscle underneath latissimus dorsi covering posteroventral side

A

external oblique

94
Q

continuation of clavotrapezius for insertion at ulna

A

clavobrachialis

95
Q

lies dorsal to pectoantebrachialis, extends laterally at the anterior portion and obliquely at the posterior portion where it extends anterolaterally from the midline

A

pectoralis major

96
Q

lies dorsoposteriorly along pectoralis minor and attaches to xiphisternum and xiphoid cartilage

A

xiphihumeralis

97
Q

the most superficial of the forelimb muscles in ventral view, partially covers pectoralis major

A

pectoantebrachialis

98
Q

a thin muscle covering the surface of the brachium and extends it, lies ventrally to triceps brachii

A

epitrochlearis

99
Q

posterior to xiphihumeralis, underneath the layer of external oblique

A

internal oblique

100
Q

posterior to xiphihumeralis, underneath the layers of external oblique, internal oblique, and rectus abdominus, fibres run in opposite direction

A

transversus abdominus

101
Q

posterior to xiphihumeralis, underneath the layers of external oblique and internal oblique

A

rectus abdominus

Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy (18 decks)

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