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Sketchy: Viruses > DNA Viruses II > Flashcards

DNA Viruses II Flashcards

1
Q

HHV8 can cause a B Cell Lymphoma called

A

Primary Infusion Lymphoma

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2
Q

HHV8 is transmitted via the

A

Kissing population

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3
Q

Are particularly at risk for HHV8 infection

A

Elderly Russian men

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4
Q

Results in confusion with bartonella hensleae

A

HHV8

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5
Q

HHV8 is differentiated from Barton’s with

A

Lymphocyte infiltrate

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6
Q

Has a neutrophil infiltrate

A

Bacillary angiomatosis

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7
Q

To treat HHV8, we just use

A

ADIS therapy

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8
Q

What is the viral classification of Polyomavirus?

A

Naked DS DNA virus

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9
Q

A circular DS DNA virus

A

Polyolyoma Virus

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10
Q

What are the two main types of polyolyoma virus?

A

JC (John Cunningham) virus, and BK virus

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11
Q

Causes progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

  • Happens to immunocompromised people
A

Polyoma virus

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12
Q

People with AIDS are at risk for JC virus if their CD4 counts are below

A

200

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13
Q

A demylination disease and is multifocal

A

JC Virus

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14
Q

One half of people who get it die within a few months of getting it

A

JC disease

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15
Q

JC causes non-enhancing multifocal brain lesions in white matter. This is caused

A

Leukoencephalopathy

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16
Q

In JC infection, neurons become

A

Demyelinated

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17
Q

A classic presentation of JC (A polyoma) virus is

A

AIDS patient with motor neuropathy

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18
Q

BK virus causes

A

Nephropathy

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19
Q

BK virus causes hemorrhagic cystitis, which results in

A

Peeing red (blood)

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20
Q

Commonly affects transplanted patients with Kidney nephropathy and bone transplant

A

BK virus

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21
Q

A classic presentation of BK virus is a

A

Renal patient on immunosuppressants that has hematuria

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22
Q

What is the viral classification of the HPV virus

A

Naked DS DNA Virus

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23
Q

Cause Verruca Vulgaris, the cutaneous common wart

A

HPV 1 and HPV 4

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24
Q

Cause laryngeal Papillomatosis (recurrent respiratory papillomatosis), anal genital warts (condo Loma accumulata) (condyloma lata = syphilis)

A

HPV 6 and HPV 11

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25
Q

Cause anogenital carcinoma (Squamous Cell Carcinoma)

A

HPV 16 and 18

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26
Q

HPV 31 and 33 also cause

A

Anogenital Carcinoma

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27
Q

An inactivated quadrivalent vaccine against certain types of HPV

A

Gardasil

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28
Q

Gardasil protects against which types of HPV?

A

6, 11, 16, and 18

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29
Q

The most common STD

A

HPV

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30
Q

Able to upset the cell cycle, tumor suppress or proteins p53 and RB stop the advancement from G1 to S phase

A

HPV

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31
Q

HPV encodes E6 and E7 to promote the proteolysis of

A

p53 and RB

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32
Q

Cracks p53 like a crab cracker cracks shells

A

E6

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33
Q

Stops the progression of transition to G1S phase

A

p53

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34
Q

Attacks RB to prevent it

A

E7

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35
Q

The key buzz phrase that suggests cancer from HPV is

A

Bleeding after sex

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36
Q

To test for HPV, we sample the transformation zone to detect morphological changes. More specifically, we are looking for

A

Koilocytes

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37
Q

Important risk factor for HPV is immunosuppression, especially in HIV population and can result in

A

Anal or Penile Cancer

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38
Q

What is the viral classification of Parvovirus?

A

Naked SS DNA virus

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39
Q

The smallest virus

A

Parvovirus B19

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40
Q

Parvovirus B19 is transmitted via

A

Respiratory droplets

41
Q

Causes slapped cheek disease, also known as fifths disease or erythema infectiosum

A

Parvo B19

42
Q

Low grade fever that lasts a week, then becomes a lacy reticular pattern that goes down the body

A

5th’s disease

43
Q

In 5th disease, the Erythema starts on the

A

Face and then moves down

44
Q

In adults, Parvo shows the signs and symptoms of

A

Joint pain, arthritis, and soreness

45
Q

Parvo B19 leads to aplastic anemia in sickle cell patients has a

A

Cobweb look

46
Q

When a baby in utero is exposed to Parvo, the consequences are severe and may lead to

A

Hydrops fetalis

47
Q

Massive edema leading to fetal demise

A

Hydrops Fetalis

48
Q

What is the viral classification of Adenovirus?

A

Naked DNA virus

49
Q

Affects the adenoids and oropharynx

A

Adenovirus

50
Q

Adenovirus is transmitted via

A

Respiratory droplets and fecal-oral

51
Q

Most at risk is little children, military recruits, and public pools

A

Adenovirus

52
Q

Adenovirus causes

-Red urine

A

Hemorrhagic Cystitis

53
Q

What are the three major disease processes of Adenovirus?

A

Tonsilitis, Hemorrhagic cystitis, and viral conjunctivitis

54
Q

Soldiers will always get a vaccine for adenovirus. The vaccine is a

A

Live vaccine

55
Q

What is the viral classification of the Pox virus?

A

DS DNA virus

56
Q

Comes with everything it needs inside of it, even making their own envelopes

A

Pox Virus

57
Q

Replicates in the cytoplasm and brings its own RNA polymerase to produce all of the proteins it needs, including DNA pol

A

Pox Virus

58
Q

Where the cirrus of the pox virus will replicate in the cytoplasm

A

Guarneri inclusion bodies

59
Q

Forms intra-cytoplasmic bodies in cells they infect

A

Pox virus

60
Q

Pox virus does not need to go into the

A

Nucleus

61
Q

Finding on a biopsy which is diagnostic for Pox virus

A

Guarneri inclusion bodies

62
Q

Has a dumbbell shaped core

A

Pox virus

63
Q

The largest known DNA virus

A

Pox virus

64
Q

Small Pox virus raised skin on surfaces

A

Variola

65
Q

Causes symptoms similar to small pox

A

Cow pox

66
Q

Characterized by flesh colored, dome shaped umbilicated lesions on trunk

A

Molluscum contageosum virus

67
Q

Has sexual transmission in adults, with only a single lesion

A

Molluscum contageosum virus

68
Q

If the lesion from molluscum contageosum spreads diffusely, it is due to

A

Immunosuppression

69
Q

The major DNA virus from the Hepadnavirus family

A

Hepatitis B

70
Q

What is the viral classification of Hep B?

A

Enveloped DS DNA virus

71
Q

Replicates both inside the nucleus and outside the nucleus

A

Hepatitis B

72
Q

Circular and partially double stranded DNA, and becomes fully double stranded during replication

A

Hepatitis B

73
Q

Hep B goes from SS DNA to SS RNA then to DS DNA, because it contains its own

A

Reverse Transcriptase

74
Q

We can see vertical transmission of Hep B when there is

A

Blood during childbirth

75
Q

Only about 5-10% develops into chronic infection in adults

A

Hep B

76
Q

What is the chance of development in newborns?

A

90-95%

77
Q

Most common disorders w/ rash and arthritis, and poly arteritis nodosa (beads on a string appearance)

A

Hep B

78
Q

What type of rash is accompanied by Hep B?

A

Purpuric rash

79
Q

In Hep B, the kidneys are damaged by

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

80
Q

Causes membranous, and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

A

Hep B

81
Q

What is a characteristic enzymatic sign of Hep B infection?

A

Rising ALT

82
Q

In the initial phase of HBV infection, serum ALT will be normal in

A

Neonates

83
Q

In the titer, leads to ground glass appearance

A

Hep B surface Antigen

84
Q

When there has not been enough time to create antibodies, we see spikey things that look like antigen hanging off of a virus. These are the

A

Hep B E antigen

85
Q

The Hep B surface antigen and the E antigen are seen during the

A

Symptomatic phase

86
Q

Positive in the window period

A

Anti-HEP B core antibody

87
Q

Presence of the anti-HEP B antibody means

A

Low infectivity

88
Q

Presence of the Anti Hep B Surface Antibody indicates

A

Recovery

89
Q

This is the value that is checked for immunization, and will be the only one that is positive

A

Anti-Hep B antibody

90
Q

Immunized people will not be positive for

A

HEP B Core or HEP B E antibodies

91
Q

What is the long term sequellae of long term Hep B infections

A

Liver cancer

92
Q

Circular RNA NEG, Enveloped needs HEP B surface antigen to cause infection

A

HEP D

93
Q

To become infected with HBV, we need

A

HEP B Sag

94
Q

Post infection from what has worse outcomes?

A

HEP D

95
Q

There is a superinfection when Hep D is transmitted on top of existing

A

HEP B infection

96
Q

How can we treat HBV?

A

Lamivudine and NRTIs

97
Q

Can also be used to treat Hep B

A

Interferon Alpha

98
Q

Neonates at risk for HBV should get

A

Ig w/ Hep B vaccine

99
Q

What is the histological appearance of HBV?

A

Ground glass appearance

Sketchy: Viruses (6 decks)

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