DNA to Darwin Flashcards
Name the four bases of DNA
Adenine-Thymine
Cytosine- Guanine
What do chromosomes do ?
Carry genetic information encoded in a molecule called DNA that gives rise to an organisms characteristic
What does mRNA do
mRNA is a molecule which carries a complementary copy of the code of DNA (in the nucleus) to a ribosome (in the cytoplasm) where the protein is assembled from amino acids
What does the sequence of the DNA bases determine
The sequence of amino acids in a protein
What does the sequence of an amino acid determine
The structure and therefore the function of these proteins
What do proteins function as
Enzymes Hormones Part of cell membrane Haemoglobin Antibodies
What is a mutation
A spontaneous change in an organisms genetic material
Complete.
Mutation is the only source of new……….in a population, the driving force of……
Mutations is the only source of new alleles in a population, the driving force of evolution
What is a mutagenic agent
An environmental factor that increases the rate of mutation.
E.g.radiation
What is adaption
An inherited characteristic that increases the chance if an organisms surviving.
Name three different types of adaption
Structural (anatomical)
Physiological
Behavioural
What is behavioural adaption in response to
A stimuli that lead to species survival
What is selection pressures
When a species produce more off spring than the environment can sustain
What is speciation
The formation of a new species
