DNA structure

Question 1

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Answer 1

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine.

Question 2

Which nitrogenous base pairs with Adenine in DNA?

Answer 2

Thymine.

Question 3

True or False: Cytosine pairs with Uracil in DNA.

Answer 3

False.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: In DNA, Guanine pairs with ______.

Answer 4

Cytosine.

Question 5

Who is known for Chargaff’s rules?

Answer 5

Erwin Chargaff.

Question 6

What does Chargaff’s first rule state?

Answer 6

The amount of Adenine equals the amount of Thymine, and the amount of Cytosine equals the amount of Guanine.

Question 7

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous base in DNA? A) Adenine B) Uracil C) Thymine D) Cytosine

Answer 7

B) Uracil.

Question 8

What type of bond connects nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Answer 8

Hydrogen bonds.

Question 9

True or False: DNA is a double helix structure.

Answer 9

True.

Question 10

What is the role of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Answer 10

They encode genetic information.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The complementary base pairing in DNA involves ______ with ______.

Answer 11

Adenine with Thymine and Guanine with Cytosine.

Question 12

Short Answer: What is the significance of Chargaff’s rules in molecular biology?

Answer 12

They helped establish the base pairing rules which are fundamental for DNA structure and replication.

Question 13

Multiple Choice: Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA? A) Adenine B) Thymine C) Uracil D) Cytosine

Answer 13

C) Uracil.

Question 14

What two components make up the backbone of a DNA molecule?

Answer 14

Sugar and phosphate.

Question 15

True or False: Erwin Chargaff discovered the structure of DNA.

Answer 15

False.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: Chargaff’s second rule states that the amount of ______ is not necessarily equal to the amount of ______.

Answer 16

Adenine; Cytosine.

Question 17

Short Answer: What is the significance of the double helix structure of DNA?

Answer 17

It allows for the compact storage of genetic information and facilitates replication.

Question 18

What are purines and pyrimidines in the context of DNA?

Answer 18

Purines are Adenine and Guanine; Pyrimidines are Cytosine and Thymine.

Question 19

Multiple Choice: Which of the following bases is a pyrimidine? A) Adenine B) Guanine C) Cytosine D) Both B and C

Answer 19

C) Cytosine.

Question 20

What is the primary function of DNA?

Answer 20

To store and transmit genetic information.

Question 21

True or False: The sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins.

Answer 21

True.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The Watson-Crick model of DNA was based on Chargaff’s ______.

Answer 22

Rules.

Question 23

Short Answer: How did Chargaff’s observations contribute to the discovery of the DNA structure?

Answer 23

They provided critical evidence for the complementary base pairing that underlies the double helix structure.

Question 24

What is the difference between ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?

Answer 24

RNA contains ribose sugar and uracil instead of thymine, while DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and thymine.

Question 25

Multiple Choice: Which base is paired with Cytosine in DNA? A) Adenine B) Thymine C) Guanine D) Uracil

Answer 25

C) Guanine.

Question 26

Who is Rosalind Franklin?

Answer 26

Rosalind Franklin was a British chemist and X-ray crystallographer whose work was crucial in understanding the molecular structures of DNA.

Question 27

True or False: Rosalind Franklin's X-ray diffraction images were key to discovering the double helix structure of DNA.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Fill in the blank: Rosalind Franklin's famous photograph of DNA is known as Photo _____.

Answer 28

51

Question 29

What technique did Rosalind Franklin use to analyze the structure of DNA?

Answer 29

X-ray crystallography

Question 30

Multiple Choice: Which of the following contributions is Rosalind Franklin most known for? A) Discovering penicillin B) Developing the polio vaccine C) X-ray diffraction images of DNA D) The theory of relativity

Answer 30

C) X-ray diffraction images of DNA

Question 31

Chargraff’s Rules

Answer 31

A=T, C = G %

Question 32

James Watson and Frances Crick

Answer 32

No actual DNA experiments, realized DNA Structure was a helix from Franklin’s photographs and created metal model and won Nobel prize 1962

Question 33

What are the four nucleotide bases in DNA?

Answer 33

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Question 34

True or False: In DNA, adenine pairs with cytosine.

Answer 34

False. Adenine pairs with thymine.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The base pairing rule states that ______ pairs with thymine and ______ pairs with guanine.

Answer 35

adenine; cytosine

Question 36

Which of the following pairs are complementary in DNA? A) A-T, B) C-G, C) A-C, D) Both A and B.

Answer 36

D) Both A and B.

Question 37

What type of bond holds the complementary base pairs together in DNA?

Answer 37

Hydrogen bonds.