DNA/RNA Flashcards
Define the difference between Nucleotides and Nucleosides
Nucleosides: a nitrogenous base and a ribose sugar
Nucleotides: Nucleoside with one or more phosphate groups attached
What versions make up a purine ring?
Adenine and Guanine
What version make up a Pyrimidine Ring?
Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine
What parts make up the Synthesis of Purines?
IMP forms AMP and GMP
What are the Vitamin B9 (folic acid) characteritics?
- Required for Coenzyme nucleotides and nucloesides synthesis and repair and METHYLATION reactions
What prymadine and purine components of DNA and RNA?
AGCU
AGCT
Explain the characteristics of Gout and how it manifests
Gout is excessive amounts of uric acid in the body because of renal underexcretion (90%)
Manifests as acid crystals which become lodged in soft tissues
What are the four basic types of RNA?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Regulatory RNA
(mRNA)
Purpose: Carries genetic code to produce a protein from a specific DNA sequence
Regulate and protect genetic messages
2 degree structures
tRNA
Important for Translation during the protein synthesis
“Cloverleaf”/T Structure
rRNA
4 different sizes, forms with riobosomal proteins to form active ribosomes
Regulatory RNA
Regulates DNA expression posttranscriptional mRNA processing and activity of mRNA
Explain the structure of DNA
Purine and Pyrmidine Bases make up along the axis of helix. 2 formed to create double helix
What is the base parring and their bond with the following molecules? T and G
T pairs with A with 2 hydrogen bonds
G pairs with C with 3 hydrogen bonds
What is the ADA deficiency?
Unable to breakdown adenosine from food for turnover of nucleuic acids in tissues
