DNA Replication Flashcards
Differentiate DNA synthesis in Mitosis and Meiosis based on its products and purposes
Mitosis: Duplicate copy: For genetic stability
Meiosis: Varied copy: For genetic diversity
Arrange according to size:
Chromatin
DNA
Nucleosome
DNA
Nucleosome
Chromatin
Differentiate chromatin and chromosome based on density, phase in the cell cycle where visible, equipment used for observation
Chromatin: Uncondensed, Throught the cell cycle, EM
Chromosome: Dense, Metaphase, Light microscope
Active chromatin
Euchromatin
nucleosomes that are packed tightly
polynucleosome
Function of introns
For splicing
DNA replication occurs in which phase of the cell cycle?
S phase
TRUE or FALSE: DNA replication in eukaryotes is conservative
FALSE. Semi-conservative
True or False: Prokaryotic DNA replication is unidirectional
FALSE. Bidirectional
Where does prokaryotic DNA replication begin?
Origin (OriC made of AT base pairs
Discuss prokaryotic DNA synthesis (9 steps/enzymes)
1: Origin Binding Protein
2: Helicase
3: SSBP
4: DNA Topoisomerases (I: Swivelase and 2: Gyrase)
5: Primase
6: DNA pol 3 (Elongates 5’-3’, proofreads 3’-5’)
7: DNA pol 1 (exonuclease 5’-3’)
8: Ligase
9: Reconstitution of chromatin structure
These are highly repetitive DNA at the ends of linear chromosomes
Telomeres
This enzyme replaces telomeres
Telomerase
This is the number of times a human cell could divide before cell division stops
Hayflick LImit
This enzyme makes a DNA copy of RNA
Reverse transcriptase
This occurs in mammalian homologus chromosomes. It involves the exchange of different alleles of the same gene
DNA recombination
These are small DNA elements that transpose in and out of the genome
Transposons
