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Cell Exam 3 > DNA Replication > Flashcards

DNA Replication Flashcards

1
Q

Differentiate DNA synthesis in Mitosis and Meiosis based on its products and purposes

A

Mitosis: Duplicate copy: For genetic stability
Meiosis: Varied copy: For genetic diversity

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2
Q

Arrange according to size:
Chromatin
DNA
Nucleosome

A

DNA
Nucleosome
Chromatin

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3
Q

Differentiate chromatin and chromosome based on density, phase in the cell cycle where visible, equipment used for observation

A

Chromatin: Uncondensed, Throught the cell cycle, EM
Chromosome: Dense, Metaphase, Light microscope

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4
Q

Active chromatin

A

Euchromatin

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5
Q

nucleosomes that are packed tightly

A

polynucleosome

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6
Q

Function of introns

A

For splicing

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7
Q

DNA replication occurs in which phase of the cell cycle?

A

S phase

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8
Q

TRUE or FALSE: DNA replication in eukaryotes is conservative

A

FALSE. Semi-conservative

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9
Q

True or False: Prokaryotic DNA replication is unidirectional

A

FALSE. Bidirectional

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10
Q

Where does prokaryotic DNA replication begin?

A

Origin (OriC made of AT base pairs

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11
Q

Discuss prokaryotic DNA synthesis (9 steps/enzymes)

A

1: Origin Binding Protein
2: Helicase
3: SSBP
4: DNA Topoisomerases (I: Swivelase and 2: Gyrase)
5: Primase
6: DNA pol 3 (Elongates 5’-3’, proofreads 3’-5’)
7: DNA pol 1 (exonuclease 5’-3’)
8: Ligase
9: Reconstitution of chromatin structure

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12
Q

These are highly repetitive DNA at the ends of linear chromosomes

A

Telomeres

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13
Q

This enzyme replaces telomeres

A

Telomerase

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14
Q

This is the number of times a human cell could divide before cell division stops

A

Hayflick LImit

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15
Q

This enzyme makes a DNA copy of RNA

A

Reverse transcriptase

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16
Q

This occurs in mammalian homologus chromosomes. It involves the exchange of different alleles of the same gene

A

DNA recombination

17
Q

These are small DNA elements that transpose in and out of the genome

A

Transposons

Cell Exam 3 (9 decks)

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