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BIOM1050 > DNA, Protein & Central Dogma > Flashcards

DNA, Protein & Central Dogma Flashcards

1
Q

Gene —–> mRNA

A

Transcription

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2
Q

mRNA ——> Protein

A

Translation

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3
Q

Purines include?

A

Adenine and Guanine

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4
Q

Pyrimidines include?

A

Cytosine, Thymine and Uracil

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5
Q

Base pairings in DNA is held together by what bonds?

A

Hydrogen bonds

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6
Q

DNA backbones are held together by what bond?

A

Covalent bonds

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7
Q

DNA replication occurs?

A

Semi-conservatively. One strand will be from the original template molecule and the other newly synthesized.

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8
Q

What is the start site of DNA replication called?

A

The origin

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9
Q

What is the role of Replication bubbles in Eukaryotic DNA replication?

A

Many simultaneously replication bubbles, expand in both directions and fuse as copying of daughter strand is copmplete.

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10
Q

What is the role of helicase?

A

Untwists the DNA helix to give single stranded DNA.

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11
Q

What is the role of topoisomerase?

A

“fixes” the increased coiling in the DNA template

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12
Q

What is the role of Single-stranded binding protein?

A

To stabilize the single stranded template.

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13
Q

What is the role of DNA primase?

A

To synthesis RNA primer at 5’ end

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14
Q

What direction does DNA synthesis take place?

A

5’ to 3’

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15
Q

How is the energy for polymerization supplied?

A

Via incoming triphosphate nucleotides (ATP, TTP, CTP, GTP)

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16
Q

What is the role of DNA polymerase?

A

To catalyze DNA synthesis.

BIOM1050 (15 decks)

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