DNA intro

Question 1

significance of: Charles Darwin

Answer 1

• proposed evolution with modifications

- happens via natural selection

Question 2

significance of: Gregor Mendel

Answer 2

• pea plants

- could inherit factors which could be dominant/recessive - 3:1 ratio

Question 3

significance of: Johann Friedrich Miescher

Answer 3

• isolate nuclein DNA, had phosphorus and nitrogen

Question 4

significance of: Kossel

Answer 4

found ACTGU and coined name DNA

Question 5

significance of: Morgan

Answer 5

used flies and found variation of eye colour, sex linked genes

Question 6

significance of: Griffith

Answer 6

developing vaccines, transformation- wasnt protein

Question 7

significance of: Avery

Answer 7

concluded substance passed on was DNA in transformation

Question 8

significance of: Hershey and Chase

Answer 8

more evidence for DNA as molecule of inheritance, used bacteriophages

Question 9

significance of: Chargraff

Answer 9

DNA not have equal amounts of ACTG but only C=G, A=T

Question 10

significance of: Wilkins and Franklin

Answer 10

used X-ray diffraction to show DNA shape

Question 11

significance of: Watson and Crick

Answer 11

used models and determined double helix structure of DNA

Question 12

DNA: phosphate and sugar

Answer 12

phosphate has phosphodiester bonds, connect to phosphate and base

Question 13

pyrimidines:

Answer 13

Thymine and Cytosine

• smaller
• N on 1 and 3

Question 14

purines:

Answer 14

Adenine and Guanine

- 2 rings

Question 15

antiparallel:

Answer 15

two complementary strands running in opposite directions