DNA, genes & chromosomes Flashcards
Where can you find DNA?
In all living organisms/the nucleus of a cell
In what shape is DNA?
A double helix
What are the sides of DNA made out of?
A sugar and phosphate group
What are the four Nitrogen bases found in DNA?
- A (Adenine)
- T (Thymine)
- G (Guanine)
- C (Cytosine)
Why are there only two possible combinations of DNA base pairs?
There are only four bases and they bind specifically, because A & T have a double bond, & bases C & G have a triple bond. Which means there cannot be any other combinations.
What is a gene?
A segment of DNA that determines a specific genetic characteristic.
What is an entire set of genes called?
A genome.
What is genetic diversity?
The difference in DNA among individuals or the differences between populations
How many pairs of chromosomes does an organism have?
23 pairs.
How many single chromosomes does an organism have?
46.
What is special about the 23rd chromosome?
The 23rd chromosome determines whether you are a male or female.
How many X chromosomes does a woman have?
2 X chromosomes.
What sex chromosomes do men have?
One X chromosome & one Y chromosome.
Who determines the sex of the baby?
The father’s spermatozoa.
What is a chromosome?
A form of coiled DNA.
