DNA ch.13 Flashcards
base pairing
principle that bonds in DNA can form only adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine
Nucleic acids are made up of __________
building blocks called nucleotides
DNA is made up of __________________
nucleotides joined into long strands or chains by covalent bonds
A=__ G=__
A=T G=C
Who produced an X-ray diffraction photograph that revealed two important clues about the structure of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
The Griffith, Avery, and Hershey-Chase experiments established that the carrier of genetic information from one generation of a cell to the next generation is what type of molecule?
DNA
According to the Chargaff rule, which of the following must be true regarding the number of each type of nucleotide in DNA?
A=T; G=C
Which two scientist worked out the double-helix structure of DNA that we know now?
Watson and Crick
In DNA, the nitrogenous base that pairs with adenine is….
thymine
The two strands of the DNA double helix are held together by …
hydrogen bonds between bases
replication
process of copying DNA prior to cell division
DNA polymerase
principle enzyme involved in DNA replication
telomere
repetitive DNA at the end of a eukaryotic chromosome
Prokaryote or Eukaryote or both?
New chromosomes remain attached to cell membrane
Eukaryote
Prokaryote or Eukaryote or both?
Protein’s check for errors
Both
Prokaryote or Eukaryote or both?
DNA replication is in the cytoplasm
Prokaryote
Prokaryote or Eukaryote or both?
Starts at one place
Prokaryote
Prokaryote or Eukaryote or both?
Proceeds in two directions
Both
Prokaryote or Eukaryote or both?
Copies of DNA condense into chromosomes that separate
Both
Prokaryote or Eukaryote or both?
Starts at many places
Eukaryote
Prokaryote or Eukaryote or both?
DNA is packaged with Histones after replication
Eukaryote
Prokaryote or Eukaryote or both?
DNA replication requires telomerase
Eukaryote
What happens when a piece of DNA is missing?
It can harm or benefit
What is an example of a nucleotide found in DNA
adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).
Watson and Crick discovered the two strands of DNA run in ……
run in opposite sides
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
consisting of one new and one old chain of nucleotides
In eukaryotes, DNA is found
nucleus
In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, DNA replication happens
before the division of the cell
DNA is replicated during which phase of the cell cycle?
S phase
The backbone of DNA is composed of
alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.
What holds on nucleotide to another nucleotide on the same strand of DNA
hydrogen bonds
In prokaryotes, DNA molecules are found
a central area of the cell called the nucleoid
A nucleotide does not contain
Uracil is never a part of nucleotide of DNA.
