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Cell Biology > DNA and the production of proteins > Flashcards

DNA and the production of proteins Flashcards

1
Q

Where is DNA stored?

A

In the nucleus of every cell

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2
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

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3
Q

What is DNA?

A

DNA is the hereditary material in human and almost all other organisms

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4
Q

What is the shape of a DNA molecule?

A

A double helix

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5
Q

What does DNA contains?

A

DNA contains the instructions for making proteins within the cell

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6
Q

What is each strand of DNA made of?

A

Repeating units called nucleotides

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7
Q

The two strands are?

A

antiparallel

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8
Q

What are the four bases of DNA?

A

Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine

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9
Q

What does Adenine join to?

A

Thymine

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10
Q

What does Guanine join to?

A

Cytosine

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11
Q

What are the pairs of bases known as?

A

Complimentary base pairs

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12
Q

How do the bases attract each other?

A

Because of the hydrogen bonds

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13
Q

What are hydrogen bonds?

A

They are weak but there are million and millions of them in a single molecule of DNA

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14
Q

What codes for a particular protien?

A

It is the order of bases which codes for the particular protien

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15
Q

What are chromosomes?

A

chromosomes are threadlike structures composed of genes found inside the nucleus or plant and animal
cell

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16
Q

What is DNA composed of?

A

DNA is composed of millions of nucleotides joined together

17
Q

What is a Gene?

A

Gene is a section of DNA which codes for a protien

18
Q

What does each gene have?

A

Each gene has a speicific base sequence made of hundreds or thousands of nucleotides

19
Q

How many bases code for one amino acid?

A

Three bases code for one amino acids

20
Q

What are the three bases that code for one amino acid called?

A

the triplet code

21
Q

What is a nucleotide?

A

The molecules which composes the DNA

22
Q

What is Messenger RNA (mRNA)?

A

Messenger RNA is a molecule whic carries a complementary copy of the gentic code from the DNA, in the nucleus, to a ribosome, where the protien is assembled from amino acids

23
Q

List the four ways mRNA differes from DNA:

A
  • single stranded instead od double stranded
  • uracil instead of Thymine (AUGC)
  • Ribose sugar instead of deoxyribose sugar
  • It can pass out of the nucleus through pores and travel to the ribosomes where as DNA is too large to do so
24
Q

What does the sequence of amino acid determinate?

A

The shape of a consequence the function of the protien

Cell Biology (6 decks)

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