Dna

Question 1

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

Answer 1

kind of transport wherein ions or molecules move against a concentration gradient, which means movement in the direction opposite that of diffusion – or – movement from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. Hence, this process will require expenditure of energy, and the assistance of a type of protein called a carrier protein.

Question 2

CELL WALL

Answer 2

A membrane of the cell that forms external to the cell membrane whose main role is to give cells rigidity, strength and protection against mechanical stress.

Question 3

CELL MEMBRANE

Answer 3

The outer covering of the cell consisting of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it.

Question 4

CENTRAL VACUOLE

Answer 4

membrane-bound vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell whose function includes intracellular secretion, excretion, storage, and digestion.

Question 5

CENTRIOLES

Answer 5

self-replicating, small, fibrous, cylindrical-shaped organelle, typically located in the cytoplasm near the nucleus in cells of most animals.

Question 6

CENTROSOME

Answer 6

The organelle located near the nucleus in the cytoplasm that divides and migrates to opposite poles of the cell during mitosis,

Question 7

CHLOROPLAST

Answer 7

Chlorophyll-containing plastid found within the cells of plants and other photosynthetic eukaryotes.

Question 8

CHROMATIN

Answer 8

A complex of nucleic acids (e.g. DNA or RNA) and proteins (histones), which condenses to form a chromosome during cell division.

Question 9

Cilia

Answer 9

Microscopic, hair-like projection on the surfaces of some cells and of certain organisms. (botany)

Question 10

CRISTAE

Answer 10

The infoldings of the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, which are studded with proteins and increase the surface area for chemical reactions

Question 11

CYTOPLASM

Answer 11

It is the jelly-like substance in a cell that contains the cytosol, organelles, and inclusions, but not including the nucleus.

Question 12

CYTOSKELETON

Answer 12

The internal framework of a cell composed of protein filaments and microtubules in the cytoplasm, and controls cells shape

Question 13

Cytosol

Answer 13

(1) The liquid component of the cytoplasm surrounding the organelles and other insoluble cytoplasmic structures

Question 14

Endocytosis

Answer 14

A process in which cell takes in materials from the outside by engulfing and fusing them with its plasma membrane.

Question 15

ENDOPLASMIC

Answer 15

The inner dense part of the cytoplasm of a cell

Question 16

EXOCYTOSIS

Answer 16

A process by which the contents of cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of vacuole membrane with the cell membrane

Question 17

FACILITATED DIFFUSION

Answer 17

the process of passive transport of molecules or ions across a cell membrane

Question 18

PEROXISOME

Answer 18

Small membrane-enclosed organelles that contain enzymes involves metabolic reactions

Question 19

PERIPHERAL PROTEINS

Answer 19

Membrane proteins that only temporarily attach to a biological membrane. proteins attach to unequal membrane proteins or penetrate the peripheral regions of the lipid bilayer

Question 20

PHAGOCYTOSIS

Answer 20

The ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans

Question 21

Dinocytosis

Answer 21

The ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane

Question 22

Prokaryotic

Answer 22

A unicellular organism that lacks a membrane bound nucleus mitochondria or any other membrane bound organelle

Question 23

Flagella

Answer 23

A slender threadlike structure with a microscopic whiplike tail that embodies protozoa and bacteria to move

Question 24

Fluid mosaic model

Answer 24

Explains various observations regarding the structure of functional cell membrane. Shows the cell membrane as two dimensional

Question 25

golgi apparatus

Answer 25

• The golgi apparatus serves as the post office of the cell. Within the vesicles it sorts the proteins into packages to be sent to the appropriate destination.

Question 26

Lysosome

Answer 26

organelles containing a large range of digestive enzymes used primarily for digestion and removal of excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.

Question 27

Mitochondria

Answer 27

Spherical or rod-shaped organelles found within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, and are referred to as the “powerhouse of the cell

Question 28

Organelle

Answer 28

Literally, the term means “little organs”. As the body is composed of various organs, the cell, too, has “little organs” that perform special functions. They are membrane-bound compartments or structures of a cell.

Question 29

Ribsosome

Answer 29

A molecule consisting of two subunits that fit together and work as one to build proteins according to the genetic sequence held within the messenger RNA (mRNA)

Question 30

Vacuoles

Answer 30

A membrane-bound vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell whose function includes intracellular secretion, excretion, storage, and digestion.