dna

Question 1

DNA polymerase does what

Answer 1

Proofread each new nucleotide

Find errors in base pairing

Question 2

what does DNA helicases do

Answer 2

unzips double helix

Question 3

Topoisomerases

Answer 3

– prevent tangling and knotting

Question 4

what is Transcription

Answer 4

Synthesizes messenger RNA (mRNA)

– complementary to template DNA strand

Question 5

what is Translation

Answer 5

Synthesizes polypeptide chain

– specified by mRNA

Question 6

(tRNA) is

Answer 6

“Decoding” molecule in translation has anticodons

Question 7

what to do Ribosomes in transtation

Answer 7

– Couple tRNAs to mRNA codons

– Catalyze peptide bonds between amino acids

Question 8

introns

Answer 8

noncoding regions (interrupt exons)
– removed from original pre-mRNA

Question 9

exons

Answer 9

– coding regions in eukaryotic genes

– spliced to produce continuouspolypeptide

Question 10

Frameshift Mutations

Answer 10

Insertion or deletion of one or two base

pairs in a gene

Question 11

Transposons

Answer 11

Movable DNA sequences

– “jump” into the middle of a gene

Question 12

cellular reproduction by prokaryotes?

Answer 12

1. Binary fission

Question 13

Nucleosome are (3)

Answer 13

histone (protein) bead wrapped in DNA
– organized into coiled loops
– held together by nonhistone scaffolding
proteins

Question 14

sister chromatids

Answer 14

containing identical DNA sequences

Question 15

Centromere is

Answer 15

constricted region

– joins sister chromatids

Question 16

Kinetochore

Answer 16

– protein to which microtubules bind

– attached to centromere

Question 17

Haploid Cell

Answer 17

Contains only one member of each

homologous chromosome pair