Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 121 > Biological Molecules > Flashcards

Biological Molecules Flashcards

1
Q

What is a geometric isomers

A

Different spatial arrangements around a double covalent bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a enantiomer isomer

A

A mirror image isomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a polymer. How is it linked

A

Long chains of monomers condensation reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a macromolecule

A

Large polymers linked together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some examples of macromolecules

A

Polysaccharides proteins and DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some examples of monosaccharides

A

Glucose fructose ribose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is it Isomer

A

Chemically identical but Structurally different

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens when there’s a condensation reaction

A

A hydroxyl group and a hydrogen bond together to make water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens in hydrolysis

A

The hydroxyl group and the hydrogen come apart to bind to monomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some examples of monosaccharides

A

Glucose fructose ribose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are two disaccharides

A

Maltose sucrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the chemical formula for glucose

A

C6H12O6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What shapes are disaccharides sugar

A

Hexagon all shapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are some examples of storage polysaccharides

A

Starch in plants

glycogen in animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some structural polysaccharides

A

Cellulose cell walls of plants

chitin Cell walls a fungi exoskeletons of anthropods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a triacylglycerol

A

The main storage in fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the chemical components to fat

A

glycerol and three fatty acid’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What makes a fat saturated

A

Is saturated with hydrogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What makes a fat unsaturated

A

Carbons have double bonds with each other so there aren’t many hydrogens and they kink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the chemical components of phospholipids

A

glycerol two fatty acid’s and a phosphate group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are steroids

A

Carbon Atoms arranged in four rings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are some examples of steroids

A

Cholesterol bile salts and some hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What main things do lipids do

A

Store energy are the main structural components of cell membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the monomers of proteins

A

Amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What bonds carboxyl groups and amino groups in proteins

A

Peptide bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the chemical components of proteins

A

Carboxyl group
amino group
r group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Peptide bonds are also

A

Covalent bonds

28
Q

What is primary structure of a protein

A

A linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

29
Q

What shapes two things are usually associated with the secondary structure

A

Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet

30
Q

What is secondary structure

A

Regular confirmation hydrogen bonds between amino acids (begin folding)

31
Q

What is tertiary structure

A

The overall shape (3D) of a polypeptide chain chemical interactions of sidechains

32
Q

What causes 3-D shapes in protein structures

A

It’s the hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions between r groups

33
Q

What is quaternary structure

A

Two or more polypeptide chains

34
Q

What chemicals make up nucleotides

A

A nitrogenous base
five carbon sugar
one or more phosphate groups

35
Q

What are nucleic acid’s

A

Long chains of nucleotides

36
Q

What are the functions of nucleic acid

A

To sequence amino acids and proteins

to store and transfer information within the organism

37
Q

What are some examples of nucleotides

A

ATP(Energy metabolism)

NAD+ (electron except are in biological oxidation)

38
Q

What happens when there’s a condensation reaction

A

A hydroxyl group and a hydrogen bond together to make water

39
Q

What happens in hydrolysis

A

The hydroxyl group and the hydrogen come apart to bind to monomers

40
Q

What are some examples of monosaccharides

A

Glucose fructose ribose

41
Q

What are two disaccharides

A

Maltose sucrose

42
Q

What is the chemical formula for glucose

43
Q

What shapes are disaccharides sugar

A

Hexagon all shapes

44
Q

What are some examples of storage polysaccharides

A

Starch in plants

glycogen in animals

45
Q

What are some structural polysaccharides

A

Cellulose cell walls of plants

chitin Cell walls a fungi exoskeletons of anthropods

46
Q

What is a triacylglycerol

A

The main storage in fat

47
Q

What are the chemical components to fat

A

glycerol and three fatty acid’s

48
Q

What makes a fat saturated

A

Is saturated with hydrogens

49
Q

What makes a fat unsaturated

A

Carbons have double bonds with each other so there aren’t many hydrogens and they kink

50
Q

What are the chemical components of phospholipids

A

glycerol two fatty acid’s and a phosphate group

51
Q

What are the main functions of phospholipids

A

The cell membrane component

52
Q

What are some examples of steroids

A

Cholesterol bile salts and some hormones

53
Q

What main things do lipids do

A

Store energy are the main structural components of cell membranes

54
Q

What are the monomers of proteins

A

Amino acids

55
Q

What bonds carboxyl groups and amino groups in proteins

A

Peptide bonds

56
Q

What are the chemical components of proteins

A

Carboxyl group
amino group
r group

57
Q

Peptide bonds are also

A

Covalent bonds

58
Q

What is primary structure of a protein

A

A linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

59
Q

What shapes two things are usually associated with the secondary structure

A

Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet

60
Q

What is secondary structure

A

Regular confirmation hydrogen bonds between amino acids (begin folding)

61
Q

What is tertiary structure

A

The overall shape (3D) of a polypeptide chain chemical interactions of sidechains

62
Q

What causes 3-D shapes in protein structures

A

It’s the hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions between r groups

63
Q

What is quaternary structure

A

Two or more polypeptide chains

64
Q

What chemicals make up nucleotides

A

A nitrogenous base
five carbon sugar
one or more phosphate groups

65
Q

What are nucleic acid’s

A

Long chains of nucleotides

66
Q

What are the functions of nucleic acid

A

To sequence amino acids and proteins

to store and transfer information within the organism

67
Q

What are some examples of nucleotides

A

ATP(Energy metabolism)

NAD+ (electron except are in biological oxidation)

Bio 121 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions