Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Bio 121 > Biological Molecules > Flashcards

Biological Molecules Flashcards

1
Q

What is a geometric isomers

A

Different spatial arrangements around a double covalent bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a enantiomer isomer

A

A mirror image isomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a polymer. How is it linked

A

Long chains of monomers condensation reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a macromolecule

A

Large polymers linked together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some examples of macromolecules

A

Polysaccharides proteins and DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some examples of monosaccharides

A

Glucose fructose ribose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is it Isomer

A

Chemically identical but Structurally different

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens when there’s a condensation reaction

A

A hydroxyl group and a hydrogen bond together to make water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens in hydrolysis

A

The hydroxyl group and the hydrogen come apart to bind to monomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some examples of monosaccharides

A

Glucose fructose ribose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are two disaccharides

A

Maltose sucrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the chemical formula for glucose

A

C6H12O6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What shapes are disaccharides sugar

A

Hexagon all shapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are some examples of storage polysaccharides

A

Starch in plants

glycogen in animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some structural polysaccharides

A

Cellulose cell walls of plants

chitin Cell walls a fungi exoskeletons of anthropods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a triacylglycerol

A

The main storage in fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the chemical components to fat

A

glycerol and three fatty acid’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What makes a fat saturated

A

Is saturated with hydrogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What makes a fat unsaturated

A

Carbons have double bonds with each other so there aren’t many hydrogens and they kink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the chemical components of phospholipids

A

glycerol two fatty acid’s and a phosphate group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are steroids

A

Carbon Atoms arranged in four rings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are some examples of steroids

A

Cholesterol bile salts and some hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What main things do lipids do

A

Store energy are the main structural components of cell membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the monomers of proteins

A

Amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What bonds carboxyl groups and amino groups in proteins
Peptide bonds
26
What are the chemical components of proteins
Carboxyl group amino group r group
27
Peptide bonds are also
Covalent bonds
28
What is primary structure of a protein
A linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain
29
What shapes two things are usually associated with the secondary structure
Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet
30
What is secondary structure
Regular confirmation hydrogen bonds between amino acids (begin folding)
31
What is tertiary structure
The overall shape (3D) of a polypeptide chain chemical interactions of sidechains
32
What causes 3-D shapes in protein structures
It's the hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions between r groups
33
What is quaternary structure
Two or more polypeptide chains
34
What chemicals make up nucleotides
A nitrogenous base five carbon sugar one or more phosphate groups
35
What are nucleic acid's
Long chains of nucleotides
36
What are the functions of nucleic acid
To sequence amino acids and proteins | to store and transfer information within the organism
37
What are some examples of nucleotides
ATP(Energy metabolism) | NAD+ (electron except are in biological oxidation)
38
What happens when there's a condensation reaction
A hydroxyl group and a hydrogen bond together to make water
39
What happens in hydrolysis
The hydroxyl group and the hydrogen come apart to bind to monomers
40
What are some examples of monosaccharides
Glucose fructose ribose
41
What are two disaccharides
Maltose sucrose
42
What is the chemical formula for glucose
C6H12O6
43
What shapes are disaccharides sugar
Hexagon all shapes
44
What are some examples of storage polysaccharides
Starch in plants | glycogen in animals
45
What are some structural polysaccharides
Cellulose cell walls of plants | chitin Cell walls a fungi exoskeletons of anthropods
46
What is a triacylglycerol
The main storage in fat
47
What are the chemical components to fat
glycerol and three fatty acid's
48
What makes a fat saturated
Is saturated with hydrogens
49
What makes a fat unsaturated
Carbons have double bonds with each other so there aren't many hydrogens and they kink
50
What are the chemical components of phospholipids
glycerol two fatty acid's and a phosphate group
51
What are the main functions of phospholipids
The cell membrane component
52
What are some examples of steroids
Cholesterol bile salts and some hormones
53
What main things do lipids do
Store energy are the main structural components of cell membranes
54
What are the monomers of proteins
Amino acids
55
What bonds carboxyl groups and amino groups in proteins
Peptide bonds
56
What are the chemical components of proteins
Carboxyl group amino group r group
57
Peptide bonds are also
Covalent bonds
58
What is primary structure of a protein
A linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain
59
What shapes two things are usually associated with the secondary structure
Alpha helix and beta pleated sheet
60
What is secondary structure
Regular confirmation hydrogen bonds between amino acids (begin folding)
61
What is tertiary structure
The overall shape (3D) of a polypeptide chain chemical interactions of sidechains
62
What causes 3-D shapes in protein structures
It's the hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions between r groups
63
What is quaternary structure
Two or more polypeptide chains
64
What chemicals make up nucleotides
A nitrogenous base five carbon sugar one or more phosphate groups
65
What are nucleic acid's
Long chains of nucleotides
66
What are the functions of nucleic acid
To sequence amino acids and proteins | to store and transfer information within the organism
67
What are some examples of nucleotides
ATP(Energy metabolism) | NAD+ (electron except are in biological oxidation)

Bio 121 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions