DNA

Question 1

What is DNA?

Answer 1

Deoxyribonucleic acid is a double-stranded nucleic acid chain made up of nucleotides. DNA carries instructions for proteins that are required for cell and organism survival

Question 2

What is complementary base paring?

Answer 2

There 4 nitrogen bases that make up the “rungs” of DNA, which are guanine, cytosine, thymine and adenine. Guanine and cytosine pair up, while thymine and adenine pair as well.

Question 3

What is rRNA?

Answer 3

a single stranded type of nucleic acid that is a key structural component of ribosomes

Question 4

What are ribosomes?

Answer 4

Small RNA-protein structures are the site of protein synthesis. They either float freely in the cytoplasm or are attached to the RER

Question 5

What are amino acids

Answer 5

molecules that combine to form proteins

Question 6

What is a codon?

Answer 6

is a DNA or RNA sequence of 3 nucleotides that forms a unit of genomic information

Question 7

What is transcription?

Answer 7

the process whereby a sequence of DNA is used to produce a complementary sequence of RNA.

DNA is copied (called mRNA) and moves out of the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytosol or on the sough endoplasmic reticulum for translation

Question 8

What is translation?

Answer 8

The process whereby an mRNA sequenced is used to produce a protein.

The mRNA instructions the ribosome how to build the specific protein for which the DNA sequence codes

Question 9

What is RNA polymerase?

Answer 9

The synthesis of a strand of DNA into a mRNA strand