Dizziness Flashcards

1
Q

Types of dizziness

A

vertigo
dysequilibrium
presyncope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

causes of vertigo + major differences between them

A

Migraine
Meniere’s (hearing loss, episodic)
Labrinthitis (hearing loss, constant)
BPPV (episodic, no hearing loss)
Vestibular neuritis (sudden, constant, no hearing loss)
Ramsay Hunt (facial paralysis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

causes of dysequilibrium

A

Cerebellar infarct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

causes of presyncope

A

Arrhythmia
MI
Orthostatic hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sx of meniere’s

A

Vertigo
Hearing loss
Fluctuant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rx of meniere’s

A

Refer to ENT
Betahistine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sx of labrinthitis

A

Vertigo
Hearing loss
Sudden, constant
Often from HSV
Hearing loss doesn’t usually recover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sx of BPPV

A

Recurrent, positional vertigo
Provoked by Dix-Hallpike

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you do the Dix-Hallpike

A

A rapid position change from sitting to supine with the patient’s head hanging over the side of the table turned at a 45 degree angle, eyes opened, held for approxmately 20 seconds and looking for evidence of nystagmus and vertiginous symptoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rx of BPPV

A

Reassurance (resolves spontaneously)
Epley Maneuver
DizzyFix Hat
Brandt-Daroff Exercises
Anti Emetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sx vestibular neuritis + rx

A

Sudden vertigo
No hearing loss

Self resolving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Sx ramsay hunt

A

Vertigo
Facial paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When to investigate dizziness

A

Sx of central vertigo
Hx of trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dizziness lasting seconds ddx

A

BPPV, orthostatic hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dizziness lasting minutes ddx

A

meniere’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dizziness lasting days ddx

A

migraine, neuritis, stroke (vertebral artery dissection)

17
Q

Name triggers for dizziness

A

medications, barotrauma, turning head, standing

18
Q

Physical exam for dizziness

A

orthostatic BP, gait, HINTS plus (head impulse, nystagmus, test of skew, hearing loss), Dix-Hallpike

19
Q

Rx for BPPV

A

Epley, Semont, dizzy hat

20
Q

Rx for meniere’s

A

reduce stress, reduce salt, betahistine, diuretics