Diarrhea Flashcards

1
Q

Types

A

Osmotic = decreases w/ fasting
Secretory = continues despite fasting
Large bowel = small volume, frequent, bloody, pus
Small bowel = large, infrequent, watery

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2
Q

Acute causes

A

Parasitic (giardia, cryptosporidiam, cyclospora, lsospora, amoebiasis)
Bacterial (campylobacter, salmonella, shigella, listeria, C diff, S aurea, clostridium perfrigens)
Viral (hep A, rotavirus, norovirus)
Travel (ETEC, norovirus, campylobacter, giardia)
Daycare (campylobacter, cryptosporidiua, parvum)
Hospital (c diff, norovirus, rotavirus)

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3
Q

Chronic causes

A

Functional (IBS, overflow, incontinence)
Osmotic agents (lactose, sugars)
Inflammatory (IBD, microscopic or collagenous colitis)
Metabolic (Addisons, hyperthyroidism, uremia, CF)
Malabsorption (pancreatitis, celiac, short bowel syndrome)
Neoplastic (colorectal cancer, carcinoid tumor, gastrinoma, medullary thyroid cancer)
Iatrogenic (drugs, alcohol, caffeine, radiation)

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4
Q

What to ask for in hx

A

Ask about infectious contacts, travel, recent abx use, meds, common eating places for multiple sick pts

recently admitted or recent use of abx

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5
Q

Meds to avoid in c diff

A

Antimotility Agents
Opiods

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6
Q

Most common cause of travelers diarrhoea

A

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)

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7
Q

Management of travellers diarrhoea

A

Loperamide
Fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin)
Macrolides (azithromycin)

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8
Q

Which probiotics prevent diarrhea in pediatrics?

A

saccjaromyces + lactobacillus

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