Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 105 > Diversity of Plants > Flashcards

Diversity of Plants Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Anther

A

a sac-like structure at the tip of the stamen in which pollen grains are produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anthophyta

A

the division to which angiosperms belong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

apical meristem

A

the growing point in a vascular plant at the tip of a shoot or root where cell division occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

basal angiosperms

A

a group of plants that probably branched off before the separation of monocots and eudicots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

calyx

A

the whorl of sepals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

carpel

A

the female reproductive part of a flower consisting of the stigma, style, and ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

club moss

A

the earliest group of seedless vascular plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cone

A

the ovulate strobilus on gymnosperms that contains ovules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Conifer

A

the dominant division of gymnosperms with the most variety of species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Corolla

A

the collection of petals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cotyledon

A

the one (monocot) or two (dicot) primitive leaves present in a seed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cycad

A

a division of gymnosperms that grow in tropical climates and resemble palm trees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

dicot

A

a group of angiosperms whose embryos possess two cotyledons; also known as eudicot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diplontic

A

describes a life cycle in which the diploid stage is the dominant stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

eudicots

A

a group of angiosperms whose embryos possess two cotyledons; also known as dicot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Fern

A

a seedless vascular plant that produces large fronds; the most advanced group of seedless vascular plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Filament

A

the thin stalk that links the anther to the base of the flower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

gametangium

A

(plural: gametangia) the structure within which gametes are produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

gametophyte

A

the haploid plant that produces gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

gingkophyte

A

a division of gymnosperm with one living species, the Gingko biloba, a tree with fan-shaped leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

gnetophyte

A

a division of gymnosperms with varied morphological features that produce vessel elements in their woody tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

gymnosperm

A

a seed plant with naked seeds (seeds exposed on modified leaves or in cones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

gynoecium

A

the group of structures that constitute the female reproductive organ; also called the pistil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

haplodiplontic

A

describes a life cycle in which the haploid and diploid stages alternate; also known as an alternation of generations life cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

haplontic

A

describes a life cycle in which the haploid stage is the dominant stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

herbaceous

A

a plant without woody tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

heterosporous

A

having two kinds of spores that give rise to male and female gametophytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

homosporous

A

having one kind of spore that gives rise to gametophytes that give rise to both male and female gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

hornwort

A

a group of non-vascular plants in which stomata appear

30
Q

horsetail

A

a seedless vascular plant characterized by a jointed stem

31
Q

liverwort

A

the most primitive group of non-vascular plants

32
Q

megasporocyte

A

a megaspore mother cell; larger spore that germinates into a female gametophyte in a heterosporous plant

33
Q

microsporocyte

A

smaller spore that produces a male gametophyte in a heterosporous plant

34
Q

monocot

A

a related group of angiosperms that produce embryos with one cotyledon and pollen with a single ridge

35
Q

moss

A

a group of plants in which a primitive conductive system appears

36
Q

nonvascular plant

A

a plant that lacks vascular tissue formed of specialized cells for the transport of water and nutrients

37
Q

ovary

A

the chamber that contains and protects the ovule or female megasporangium

38
Q

petal

A

a modified leaf interior to the sepal; colorful petals attract animal pollinator

39
Q

phloem

A

the vascular tissue responsible for transport of sugars, proteins, and other solutes

40
Q

pistil

A

the group of structures that constitute the female reproductive organ; also called the carpel

41
Q

sepal

A

a modified leaf that encloses the bud; outermost structure of a flower

42
Q

sporangium

A

(plural: sporangia) the organ within which spores are produced

43
Q

sporophyll

A

a leaf modified structurally to bear sporangia

44
Q

sporophyte

A

the diploid plant that produces spores

45
Q

stamen

A

the group of structures that contain the male reproductive organs

46
Q

stigma

A

uppermost structure of the carpel where pollen is deposited

47
Q

strobili

A

cone-like structures that contain the sporangia

48
Q

style

A

the long thin structure that links the stigma to the ovary

49
Q

syngamy

A

the union of two gametes in fertilization

50
Q

vascular plant

A

a plant in which there is a network of cells that conduct water and solutes through the organism

51
Q

whisk fern

A

a seedless vascular plant that lost roots and leaves by evolutionary reduction

52
Q

xylem

A

the vascular tissue responsible for long-distance transport of water and nutrients

53
Q

What adaptions did plants evolve to live on land?

A

Adaptations include vascular tissues, roots, leaves, waxy cuticles, and a tough outer layer that protects the spores.

54
Q

Land plants are separated into…?

A

vascular and non-vascular

55
Q

What characteristics do vascular plants have?

A

both seedless and with seeds, apical meristems, and embryos with nutritional stores.

56
Q

What characteristics do non-vascular plants have?

A

alternation of generations, with the haploid plant called a gametophyte and the diploid plant called a sporophyte; formation of haploid spores in a sporangium; and formation of gametes in a gametangium.

57
Q

What is the dominant life cycle stage in a seedless plant?

A

The dominant stage of the life cycle is the gametophyte.

58
Q

How do seedless plants absorb water?

A

Through all surfaces

59
Q

What are the three main groups of seedless plants?

A

Liverwort, hornwort, and mosses (known as bryophytes)

60
Q

What two parts form the vascular system for plants?

A

Xylem and Phloem

61
Q

What are gymnosperms?

A

Gymnosperms are heterosporous seed plants that produce naked seeds.

62
Q

What four divisions do modern gymnosperms belong to?

A

The division Coniferophyta—the conifers—are the predominant woody plants at high altitudes and latitudes. Cycads resemble palm trees and grow in tropical climates. Gingko biloba is the only species of the division Gingkophyta. The last division, the Gnetophytes, is a diverse group of species that produce vessel elements in their wood.

63
Q

What are two adaptions to drought that seed plants developed?

A

Seeds and pollen

64
Q

What is the most dominant form of plant life?

A

Angiosperms (most crop and ornamental plants)

65
Q

Angiosperms have what two parts?

A

Flower and fruit

66
Q

What are the two main parts of a flower?

A

Petals and sepals (they protect the stamens and the carpels)

67
Q

Stamens produce?

A

pollen (male gametes)

68
Q

Carpels

A

eggs (female gametes)

69
Q

What is unique to angiosperms?

A

double fetilization

70
Q

What two main groups are flowering plants divided into?

A

the monocots and eudicots—according to the number of cotyledons in the seedlings.

Biology 105 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions