Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BSN: 3rd Quarter > Diverse/Vulnerable Pop FINAL EXAM > Flashcards

Diverse/Vulnerable Pop FINAL EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

Nightingale’s Environmental Theory

A

Highlights the relationships b/w an individual’s environment and health
— Health as a continuum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Health Belief Model

A

Purpose = predict or explain health behaviors
— Emphasize change at the individual level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Milo’s framework for prevention

A

Identifies relationship b/w health deficits and availability of health-promoting resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Transtheoretical of Stages of Change Model

A

Change can occur over time, and in 6 distinct stages:
— Pre-contemplation = is unaware of the need to change
— Contemplation = considers change
— Preparation = planning to take action
— Action
— Maintenance = continues behavior once action has been placed
— Termination = individual is consistent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Autonomy

A

Individuals select those actions that fulfill their goals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nonmaleficence

A

“Do no harm” when applying standards of care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Beneficence

A

Maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Distributive justice

A

Fair distribution of the benefits and burden in society is based on the needs and contributions of its members

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Continuous quality improvement (CQI)

A

Emphasizes organization and its processes and systems and uses objective data to analyze and improve processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Healthy People 2030

A

National goal of health objectives that serve as a guide for promoting health and preventing disease
— measures quality of health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Primary prevention

A

preventing a problem
— Education: nutrition, sex, family planning, hygiene, safety (e.g. MVA)
— Smoking cessation
— Prenatal classes
— Immunizations/vaccines
— Advocating for access to health care, healthy environments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Secondary prevention

A

not preventing, but screening
— Community assessments
— Screenings: TB, DM, genetic d/o’s, HTN, cancer
— Lead exposure, control of outbreaks
— Sensory impairments
— Disease surveillance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tertiary prevention

A

improve quality of health
— Rehabilitation: PT/OT, post-op, exercise (especially for Cardiac and HTN)
— Nutrition counseling
— Case management (chronic/mental illness)
— Support groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IPREPARE

A

I — Investigator
P — Present work
R — Residence
E — Environmental concerns
P — Past work
A — Activities
R — Referrals and resources
E — Educate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Toxins include

A

Lead, pesticides, mercury, solvents, asbestos, radon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Air pollution includes

A

Carbon monoxide, particulate matter, ozone, lead, aerosols, NO2, SO2, tobacco smoke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Water pollution includes

A

Wastes, erosion after mining or timbering, run-off from chemical added to the soil/ocean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Contamination includes

A

Food and food products w/ bacteria, pesticides, radiation, medication (growth hormones or antibiotics)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the order of the disaster management cycle?

A
  1. Mitigation (prevention)
  2. Preparedness
  3. Response
  4. Recovery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Agencies with a role in disaster response

A

— Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
— Centers for Control Disease and Prevention (CDC)
— US Dept. of Homeland Security (DHS)
— American Red Cross (ARC)
— Office of Emergency Management (OEM)
— Public health system

21
Q

What does WIC stand for?

A

Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

22
Q

Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) is used for?

A

To offer expanded health coverage to uninsured children whose families do not qualify for Medicaid

23
Q

Medicare vs. Medicaid

A

MediCARE = 65 and older, receiving SSI, disability for >2yrs (federal)
MediCAID = coverage for low socioeconomic adults, children (federal + state)

24
Q

The host triangle

A

Living being that an agent or the environment influences

25
Q

The agent

A

The physical, infectious, or chemical factor that causes the disease

26
Q

The environment

A

The setting or surrounding that sustains the host

27
Q

Name susceptible hosts

A

Age, sex, genetics, ethnicity, immunological status, physiological state, occupation

28
Q

Chemical agents include

A

Drugs and toxins

29
Q

Physical agents include

A

Noise and temperature

30
Q

Infectious agents include

A

Viruses and bacteria

31
Q

Physical environments in communicable diseases include

A

Geography, water/food supply, presence of reservoirs/vectors

32
Q

Social environments in communicable diseases include

A

Access to health care, high-risk working conditions, poverty

33
Q

Waterborne illness

A

fecal contamination of water
— Cholera
— Typhoid fever
— Bacillary dysentery
— Giardia lamblia

34
Q

Food infections

A

bacterial, viral, parasitic infections
— Norovirus
— Salmonellosis
— Hepatitis A
— Trichinosis
— Escherichia coli (E.coli)

35
Q

Vector-born illnesses

A

via a carrier (e.g. mosquito, tick)
— West Nile virus
— Lyme disease
— Rocky Mountain spotted fever
— Malaria

36
Q

Endemic vs. Epidemic vs. Pandemic

A

Endemic = outbreak of a disease that is consistently present, but limited to a particular region
Epidemic = rate of disease exceeds regions and above the expected rate (e.g. Cholera, measles, malaria, dengue fever)
Pandemic = spreads across countries and continents at a fast rate with new incidences daily (e.g. COVID-19, Spanish Flu)

37
Q

Incidence vs. Prevalence

A

Incidence = # of NEW cases in the population
Prevalence = # of existing cases in the population at a specific time

38
Q

Airborne illnesses

A

— Chickenpox
— TB
— Pertussis
— Influenza
— SARS
— Measles

39
Q

Herd immunity

A

Protection due to the immunity of most community members making exposure unlikely

40
Q

Natural immunity

A

Natural defense mechanisms of the body to resist specific antigens/toxins
— e.g. antibodies made after exposure to infection

41
Q

Acquired immunity

A

Develops through actual exposure to the infectious agent

42
Q

Active (artificial) immunity

A

Antibodies made after getting a vaccination

43
Q

Passive (adaptive) immunity

A

Resistance a host gains from another individual
— e.g. mother’s breastmilk to baby

44
Q

Populations MOST at risk

A

— Young children
— Older adults
— Immunosuppressed/compromised
— High-risk lifestyle (e.g. homeless, drug abusers)
— International travelers
— Healthcare workers

45
Q

Types of RN roles in the community

A

— Public health
— Home health
— Hospice
— Occupational
— Faith-based: Missionary, Parish
— School
— Forensics
—

46
Q

Phases of emotional rxn during a disaster

A

— Heroic
— Honeymoon
— Disillusionment
— Reconstruction

47
Q

Disaster Color Codes

A
48
Q

Triage Color Coding

A

RED — immediate attention; needs transfer; e.g. massive hemorrhage, pneumothorax
YELLOW— medium priority; isolated fracture
GREEN — minimal (“walkie-talkies”); broken arm
BLACK— expectant; minimal chance at survival; e.g. CSF coming from head/nose

BSN: 3rd Quarter (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions