Diverse/Vulnerable Pop EXAM #2 Flashcards
EXAM #2 TOPICS
—ATI Engage Weeks 4 & 5
—PPTs
—Read your questions! Pick out key words to answer question
ER PREPAREDNESS + MGM’T
Different types of disasters
Disaster management cycle
Preparedness in emergencies and disasters
Disaster management cycle
Triage in disasters and emergencies
SOCIAL INFLUENCES
The nursing process
Nursing scope of practice; what do we know? What can we recommend?
ENV’TAL INFLUENCES
Environments, which can be home environments, work environments, global environments.
Know primary, secondary, tertiary
P-prevention/primary S- screening/secondary T- treatment of known disease/condition/tertiary
ECONOMIC INFLUENCES
What are NGOs?
Who are stakeholders?
What is the ACA?
INDIVIDUAL INFLUENCES
social determinants of health
culture and subculture
cultural competence
4 Phases of Disaster Management Cycle
What is a disaster?
Any hazardous event that disrupts the functions of a community and causes hardships for community members
Characteristics of disasters
— Threaten people’s health and safety
— Tend to overwhelm resources
— Can be natural or human-made
What kind of events are natural disasters? Examples?
Geological or meteorological that threaten loss of life or property
Examples: earthquakes, hurricanes, mudslides, tornadoes, floods
Human-made disasters
— Human-made disasters can be either intentional (terrorism, bioterrorism) or unintentional.
— If a communicable biological agent is used, such as smallpox or tuberculosis, quarantine and isolation are needed.
Examples of human-made disasters
Structural collapses, multi vehicle collisions, chemical spills
Chemical terrorism + examples
Chemical terrorism involves the use of chemical agents that are toxic in nature to cause injury and death
— These chemical agents are introduced into the body via skin, inhalation, or ingestion
Examples of agents used in chemical terrorism include: sarin, cyanide, chlorine gas, and mustard gas
Who are the vulnerable populations when dealing with a community disaster?
— Infants and children
— Older adults
— People who are pregnant
— People who have chronic diseases or disabilities
— People living below the poverty line or who are without housing
— People who do not speak the dominant language of the region
— People who are incarcerated
Define a vulnerable population
Vulnerable populations are those populations who have an increased risk for adverse outcomes when compared to the general population
— Individuals who belong to vulnerable populations are more likely to experience difficulties before, disaster, and after the disaster
SOCIAL INFLUENCES
What is the purpose of NGOs?
NGO = Nongovernmental organizations
— include non-profit and volunteer organizations
— provide necessities: meals, clean H2O, shelter/temporary housing, health services, financial assistance
RN’s role in disaster preparedness
To prepare community members for potential disasters
Purpose of FEMA
FEMA: Federal Emergency Management Agency
— Becomes the next process if disaster is not managed at local/state level AND all resources have been exhausted
— Once declared, FEMA is mobilized to assist w/ supplies, 1st responders, other personnel, and funding
What is the National Preparedness Goal Initiative?
Seeks to ensure the whole community is prepared for all types of disasters.
How to know if national preparedness has been reached?
— When the government prevents and protects the nation from threats and hazards
— Mitigates the loss of life and property
— Initiates disaster response quickly after an incident has occurred
— Recovers from threats and hazards in a timely manner
Core Competencies in Disaster Nursing
Domain 1: preparation and planning
Domain 2: communication
Domain 3: incident management systems
Domain 4: safety and security
Domain 5: assessment
Domain 6: intervention
Domain 7: recovery
Domain 8: law and ethics
Domain 1: Preparation and Planning
— Preparing and maintaining a personal, family, and work disaster plan
— Participating in drills
— Maintaining current plans, policies and procedures, and resources
— Including vulnerable populations in preparation and planning
Domain 2: Communication
Understanding and using disaster terminology correctly with first responders and other health care workers in the field
Communicating disaster-related priorities to the appropriate team members in a timely manner
Using translation resources when a language barrier is present
FOCUS: delivery of important information in healthcare setting or at site of an emergency/disaster
Domain 3: Incident Management Systems
— Understanding the Incident Management System in the country, local community, and organization
— Executing the plan
Domain 4: Safety and Security
Using basic infection control practices when necessary
Regularly assessing themselves and their peers to identify the need for physical or psychological support
Reporting potential safety and security risks
NOTE: avoid UNSAFE practices to prevent additional burden to disaster response efforts
Domain 5: Assessment
— Performing appropriate physical and mental health assessments
— Reporting symptoms or events that may indicate a potential emergency
— Maintaining ongoing assessment as the situation evolves
NOTE: RNs must quickly adapt to assess and triage victims
Domain 6: Intervention
Providing basic first aid
Isolating those at risk of spreading communicable diseases
Providing care based on priority and availability of resources
Engaging victims, their families, and volunteers to extend resources
Working with the team as assigned to provide surge capacity care and manage large numbers of deceased with respect
Domain 7: Recovery
Assisting communities with resuming and maintaining normal functioning during and after the event
Providing referrals for those discharged to support ongoing physical and mental health needs
Debriefing to identify any personal needs for ongoing assistance
FOCUS: resume pre-disaster activites
Domain 8: Law and Ethics
Following the laws, policies, and procedures specific to disaster situations
Applying an institutional or national disaster ethical framework to guide care strategies
Understanding the utilitarian goals
NOTE: ALWAYS practice within scope even when working in unfamiliar/undesirable situations
Disaster recovery begins when?
The threat no longer exists. This includes:
— Rebuilding damaged and destroyed structures
— Resuming previous activities (if possible)
— Establishing a “new normal” in some circumstances
— Referring essential workers and victims to mental health services
What is START r/t emergency preparedness management?
START = Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment
— uses color-coded systems w/ predetermined criteria to ID and assign each victim’s level of acuity quickly and effectively.
What is SALT r/t emergency preparedness management?
SALT = Sort —> Assess —> Lifesaving Invts —> Transport
Who are stakeholders?
the people, groups, organizations and institutions affected by, have an interest in or are somehow involved in the issue being addressed.
