Diverse/Vulnerable Pop EXAM #2

Question 1

EXAM #2 TOPICS

Answer 1

—ATI Engage Weeks 4 & 5
—PPTs
—Read your questions! Pick out key words to answer question

Question 2

ER PREPAREDNESS + MGM’T

Answer 2

Different types of disasters
Disaster management cycle
Preparedness in emergencies and disasters
Disaster management cycle
Triage in disasters and emergencies

Question 3

SOCIAL INFLUENCES

Answer 3

The nursing process
Nursing scope of practice; what do we know? What can we recommend?

Question 4

ENV’TAL INFLUENCES

Answer 4

Environments, which can be home environments, work environments, global environments.
Know primary, secondary, tertiary
P-prevention/primary S- screening/secondary T- treatment of known disease/condition/tertiary

Question 5

ECONOMIC INFLUENCES

Answer 5

What are NGOs?
Who are stakeholders?
What is the ACA?

Question 6

INDIVIDUAL INFLUENCES

Answer 6

social determinants of health
culture and subculture
cultural competence

Question 7

4 Phases of Disaster Management Cycle

Answer 7

Question 8

What is a disaster?

Answer 8

Any hazardous event that disrupts the functions of a community and causes hardships for community members

Question 9

Characteristics of disasters

Answer 9

— Threaten people’s health and safety
— Tend to overwhelm resources
— Can be natural or human-made

Question 10

What kind of events are natural disasters? Examples?

Answer 10

Geological or meteorological that threaten loss of life or property

Examples: earthquakes, hurricanes, mudslides, tornadoes, floods

Question 11

Human-made disasters

Answer 11

— Human-made disasters can be either intentional (terrorism, bioterrorism) or unintentional.
— If a communicable biological agent is used, such as smallpox or tuberculosis, quarantine and isolation are needed.

Question 12

Examples of human-made disasters

Answer 12

Structural collapses, multi vehicle collisions, chemical spills

Question 13

Chemical terrorism + examples

Answer 13

Chemical terrorism involves the use of chemical agents that are toxic in nature to cause injury and death
— These chemical agents are introduced into the body via skin, inhalation, or ingestion

Examples of agents used in chemical terrorism include: sarin, cyanide, chlorine gas, and mustard gas

Question 14

Who are the vulnerable populations when dealing with a community disaster?

Answer 14

— Infants and children
— Older adults
— People who are pregnant
— People who have chronic diseases or disabilities
— People living below the poverty line or who are without housing
— People who do not speak the dominant language of the region
— People who are incarcerated

Question 15

Define a vulnerable population

Answer 15

Vulnerable populations are those populations who have an increased risk for adverse outcomes when compared to the general population
— Individuals who belong to vulnerable populations are more likely to experience difficulties before, disaster, and after the disaster

Question 16

SOCIAL INFLUENCES

Question 17

What is the purpose of NGOs?

Answer 17

NGO = Nongovernmental organizations

— include non-profit and volunteer organizations
— provide necessities: meals, clean H2O, shelter/temporary housing, health services, financial assistance

Question 18

RN’s role in disaster preparedness

Answer 18

To prepare community members for potential disasters

Question 19

Purpose of FEMA

Answer 19

FEMA: Federal Emergency Management Agency

— Becomes the next process if disaster is not managed at local/state level AND all resources have been exhausted
— Once declared, FEMA is mobilized to assist w/ supplies, 1st responders, other personnel, and funding

Question 20

What is the National Preparedness Goal Initiative?

Answer 20

Seeks to ensure the whole community is prepared for all types of disasters.

Question 21

How to know if national preparedness has been reached?

Answer 21

— When the government prevents and protects the nation from threats and hazards
— Mitigates the loss of life and property
— Initiates disaster response quickly after an incident has occurred
— Recovers from threats and hazards in a timely manner

Question 22

Core Competencies in Disaster Nursing

Answer 22

Domain 1: preparation and planning
Domain 2: communication
Domain 3: incident management systems
Domain 4: safety and security
Domain 5: assessment
Domain 6: intervention
Domain 7: recovery
Domain 8: law and ethics

Question 23

Domain 1: Preparation and Planning

Answer 23

— Preparing and maintaining a personal, family, and work disaster plan
— Participating in drills
— Maintaining current plans, policies and procedures, and resources
— Including vulnerable populations in preparation and planning

Question 24

Domain 2: Communication

Answer 24

Understanding and using disaster terminology correctly with first responders and other health care workers in the field
Communicating disaster-related priorities to the appropriate team members in a timely manner
Using translation resources when a language barrier is present

FOCUS: delivery of important information in healthcare setting or at site of an emergency/disaster

Question 25

Domain 3: Incident Management Systems

Answer 25

— Understanding the Incident Management System in the country, local community, and organization
— Executing the plan

Question 26

Domain 4: Safety and Security

Answer 26

Using basic infection control practices when necessary
Regularly assessing themselves and their peers to identify the need for physical or psychological support
Reporting potential safety and security risks

NOTE: avoid UNSAFE practices to prevent additional burden to disaster response efforts

Question 27

Domain 5: Assessment

Answer 27

— Performing appropriate physical and mental health assessments
— Reporting symptoms or events that may indicate a potential emergency
— Maintaining ongoing assessment as the situation evolves

NOTE: RNs must quickly adapt to assess and triage victims

Question 28

Domain 6: Intervention

Answer 28

Providing basic first aid
Isolating those at risk of spreading communicable diseases
Providing care based on priority and availability of resources
Engaging victims, their families, and volunteers to extend resources
Working with the team as assigned to provide surge capacity care and manage large numbers of deceased with respect

Question 29

Domain 7: Recovery

Answer 29

Assisting communities with resuming and maintaining normal functioning during and after the event
Providing referrals for those discharged to support ongoing physical and mental health needs
Debriefing to identify any personal needs for ongoing assistance

FOCUS: resume pre-disaster activites

Question 30

Domain 8: Law and Ethics

Answer 30

Following the laws, policies, and procedures specific to disaster situations
Applying an institutional or national disaster ethical framework to guide care strategies
Understanding the utilitarian goals

NOTE: ALWAYS practice within scope even when working in unfamiliar/undesirable situations

Question 31

Disaster recovery begins when?

Answer 31

The threat no longer exists. This includes:
— Rebuilding damaged and destroyed structures
— Resuming previous activities (if possible)
— Establishing a “new normal” in some circumstances
— Referring essential workers and victims to mental health services

Question 32

What is START r/t emergency preparedness management?

Answer 32

START = Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment
— uses color-coded systems w/ predetermined criteria to ID and assign each victim’s level of acuity quickly and effectively.

Question 33

What is SALT r/t emergency preparedness management?

Answer 33

SALT = Sort —> Assess —> Lifesaving Invts —> Transport

Question 34

Who are stakeholders?

Answer 34

the people, groups, organizations and institutions affected by, have an interest in or are somehow involved in the issue being addressed.